{"conversationCode":"281-047","tapeNumber":281,"conversationNumber":47,"identifier":"37-wht-conversation-281-047","startDateTime":"1971-10-21T19:55:00.000Z","endDateTime":"1971-10-21T20:25:00.000Z","startDate":"21-Oct-1971","startTime":"3:55 PM","endDate":"21-Oct-1971","endTime":"4:25 PM","dateCertainty":"certain","timeCertainty":"certain","participants":"Nixon, Richard M. (President); Moore, Richard A.; White House operator; Woods, Rose Mary;","description":"On October 21, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Richard A. Moore, White House operator, and Rose Mary Woods met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 3:55 pm to 4:25 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 281-047 of the White House Tapes.","locationCode":"EOB","recordingDevice":"Old Executive Office Building","latitudeEstimated":38.897567,"longitudeEstimated":-77.039147,"chronCode":2,"chronRelease":"Second Chronological Release","chronReleaseDate":"26-Oct-2000","aogpRelease":null,"aogpSegment":null,"lastModified":"2015-07-27T17:04:10.235Z","findingAid":"Conversation No. 281-47\n\nDate: October 21, 1971\nTime: 3:55 pm - 4:25 pm\nLocation: Executive Office Building\n\nThe President met with Richard A. Moore.\n\nThe President talked with White House operator at an unknown time between 3:55 pm and 3:58\npm.\n\n[Conversation No. 281-47A]\n\n[See Conversation No. 12-43]\n\n[End of telephone conversation]\n\n     The President's speech for October 21, 1971\n\nThe President talked with White House operator at an unknown time between 3:55 pm and 3:58\npm.\n\n[Conversation No. 281-47B]\n\n[See Conversation No. 12-44]\n\n[End of telephone conversation]\n\n     The President's speech\n\nThe President talked with Rose Mary Woods between 3:58 pm and 3:59 pm.\n\n[Conversation No. 281-47C]\n\n[See Conversation No. 12-45]\n\n[End of telephone conversation]\n\n     The President's speech on Supreme Court appointees\n          -Timing\n          -Notifications\n               -John N. Mitchell\n               -Warren E. Burger\n               -Lawrence E. Walsh\n\nRose Mary Woods entered at 4:00 pm.\n\nThe President rehearsed a speech at an unknown time between 4:00 pm and 4:25 pm.\n\n[A transcript of the final broadcast of this speech appears in Public Papers of the Presidents,\nRichard M. Nixon, 1971, pp. 1053-1057]\n\n           -Speech wording\n           -Revisions\n           -Content\n                -Burger\n                -Harry A. Blackmun\n                -Walter Lippmann\n                -Washington Post\n                -The President's philosophy\n                      -Judicial conservatism\n                      -Text change\n                            -Wording\n                            -Lippmann quote\n           -Typing of speech\n                -Woods\n                -Marjorie P. Acker\n                      -Schedule\n\nWoods left at an unknown time before 4:25 pm.\n\n           -Speech wording\n                -Lippmann quote\n                -The President's suggested legislation\n\nMoore left at 4:25 pm.","filename":["281-047-splice.mp3"],"tapeStart":"03:19:02","tapeEnd":"03:46:50","participantsList":["Nixon, Richard M. (President)","Moore, Richard A.","White House operator","Woods, Rose Mary"],"prevCode":"281-046","nextCode":"281-048","tapeTranscriptFile":"281a.mp3,281b.mp3,281c.mp3","transcript":[{"start":11983.43,"end":11984.81,"text":"Yeah."},{"start":11985.67,"end":11999.48,"text":"What is Rehnquist's age?"},{"start":12003.21,"end":12003.49,"text":"47."},{"start":12003.51,"end":12006.61,"text":"Morning 24."},{"start":12013.71,"end":12016.99,"text":"That's correct, okay."},{"start":12018.35,"end":12022.28,"text":"All right, fine."},{"start":12022.3,"end":12022.82,"text":"Let's see here."},{"start":12022.88,"end":12030.34,"text":"You can come over now and I'll let you take a quick look at this last comment."},{"start":12107.88,"end":12113.77,"text":"I read it to you again and I'll let you read."},{"start":12113.95,"end":12124.5,"text":"I don't know whether she has an ."},{"start":12124.54,"end":12127.82,"text":"Ms. Woods?"},{"start":12131.63,"end":12140.84,"text":"Because if I read it, you'll get the feel, and it'll pick something up, and you can read it, and do something else, and change it."},{"start":12140.86,"end":12150.74,"text":"I had to boil down the bios, and it was actually a few hours later."},{"start":12150.76,"end":12151.6,"text":"Do you have any ideas?"},{"start":12151.62,"end":12154.18,"text":"No, I don't have a good time."},{"start":12154.34,"end":12158.83,"text":"So I've gone over what we have to do."},{"start":12158.84,"end":12159.02,"text":"Yeah?"},{"start":12159.67,"end":12170.23,"text":"Bring a copy when you come over, please."},{"start":12170.27,"end":12172.17,"text":"No, I don't think so."},{"start":12172.55,"end":12173.95,"text":"I don't know."},{"start":12175.8,"end":12176.12,"text":"Yeah."},{"start":12177.18,"end":12177.6,"text":"Yeah."},{"start":12180.93,"end":12181.79,"text":"And everything's all set."},{"start":12181.85,"end":12182.11,"text":"Yes."},{"start":12182.13,"end":12183.85,"text":"I mean, I told them not to tell anybody before it came down."},{"start":12183.87,"end":12185.75,"text":"So, you know, Mr. Powell asked me for the other one."},{"start":12185.89,"end":12186.59,"text":"I said, well, no."},{"start":12186.65,"end":12188.01,"text":"I said, I didn't know."},{"start":12188.07,"end":12188.31,"text":"Good."},{"start":12188.41,"end":12188.53,"text":"Good."},{"start":12188.55,"end":12191.12,"text":"I hope you know what I mean."},{"start":12191.14,"end":12202.95,"text":"I know he trusts Berger, and he also trusts Walt, but I don't."},{"start":12203.05,"end":12203.91,"text":"I don't know."},{"start":12204.09,"end":12207.47,"text":"People can't resist it."},{"start":12207.87,"end":12208.47,"text":"Records have to tell."},{"start":12208.67,"end":12209.51,"text":"It's tough."},{"start":12209.63,"end":12210.29,"text":"It's tough."},{"start":12211.31,"end":12217.23,"text":"I think it reads pretty well now the way it is."},{"start":12217.53,"end":12230.02,"text":"During a four-year term, the President of the United States today makes an average of $3,000."},{"start":12230.5,"end":12237.34,"text":"During a four-year term, the President of the United States makes an average of"},{"start":12238.52,"end":12241.54,"text":"and averaging 3,000 major appointments to various government positions."},{"start":12241.58,"end":12248.31,"text":"By far the most important appointments he makes are those of the Supreme Court of the United States."},{"start":12248.91,"end":12252.59,"text":"Presidents come and go to the Supreme Court, whose decisions move on forever."},{"start":12253.53,"end":12258.98,"text":"Because they will make decisions which will affect your lives, the lives of your children, and generations to come."},{"start":12259,"end":12267.98,"text":"I would like to share with you tonight my urges for selecting the two individuals whose names I will send to the Senate tomorrow for confirmation as justices of the Supreme Court."},{"start":12269.32,"end":12279.43,"text":"For the past few months, I received thousands of letters from all over the country recommending scores of able men and women for appointments at these agencies, of course."},{"start":12279.69,"end":12285.39,"text":"But one of the agencies is that left by the retirement and death of Mr. Justice Black, former United States Senator."},{"start":12285.45,"end":12290.45,"text":"There's been great support for the appointment of a member of the Senator House, of course, so that's quite a view."},{"start":12290.51,"end":12293.83,"text":"I would definitely be adding to that, and I know that would kill them."},{"start":12294.37,"end":12299.54,"text":"A great number of letters have recommended the appointment of a woman, since no woman has ever been named in the Supreme Court."},{"start":12299.56,"end":12301.7,"text":"I've got to take recognition of that, yes."},{"start":12301.72,"end":12307.72,"text":"A number of others have recommended the appointment of representatives of religious, racial, and nationalities who do not represent the representatives of religious heritage in the United States of America."},{"start":12307.8,"end":12315.35,"text":"I believe the Supreme Court should be the broadest sense to be represented in the broadest sense to be represented in the United States of America."},{"start":12315.37,"end":12318.17,"text":"But only nine seems to know."},{"start":12318.19,"end":12321.93,"text":"Obviously, every group in the country cannot be represented by their country."},{"start":12323.4,"end":12325.96,"text":"These three criteria, I believe, should be applied in any dispute to the court."},{"start":12325.98,"end":12330.35,"text":"The Supreme Court is the highest judicial body in this country."},{"start":12330.39,"end":12334.19,"text":"The inspector should be among the very best lawyers in the nation."},{"start":12334.21,"end":12340.77,"text":"The two individuals I am nominating in the court meet that standard through a subcommittee meeting."},{"start":12342.13,"end":12347.87,"text":"Second consideration is the judicial philosophy of those who are to serve the court."},{"start":12347.89,"end":12357.56,"text":"I emphasize the word judicial because whether an individual is a Democrat or Republican cannot and should not be precise enough to know whether she should run for the court."},{"start":12357.65,"end":12361.96,"text":"By judicial philosophy, I do not mean agreeing with the President on the issue."},{"start":12361.98,"end":12370.92,"text":"It would be a total repudiation of our constitutional system if judges on the Supreme Court, or any federal court for that matter, were like puppets on a string pulled by the President of the Parliament."},{"start":12372.05,"end":12375.33,"text":"When I appointed Chief Justice, today he was confirmed to the Senate."},{"start":12375.37,"end":12380.01,"text":"He could expect that I would never talk about a case on the court of law."},{"start":12380.35,"end":12387.23,"text":"He and all the other judges that I appointed will not offer no obligation whatever is required of the President."},{"start":12387.25,"end":12393.06,"text":"The case of both Chief Justice and Chief Justice Black, on the case of the two judges appointed, said I should be named ."},{"start":12393.74,"end":12398.44,"text":"Their sole obligation is to the Constitution and not to the President's requirements."},{"start":12399.72,"end":12411.09,"text":"As far as conditional philosophy is concerned, it is my belief that it is the duty of a judge to interpret the Constitution and not to place himself above the Constitution and observe the Constitution."},{"start":12411.11,"end":12417.54,"text":"He should not push or bend the Constitution other than all of his personal, political, and social views."},{"start":12417.56,"end":12421.9,"text":"This does not mean that judges who adhere to this philosophy will find they always agree with an interpretation of the Constitution."},{"start":12424.05,"end":12429.41,"text":"I would say that both were constitutionalists."},{"start":12429.73,"end":12449.67,"text":"It is true that history is sharp with many cases, but as I learned not only from reading their opinions over the years, but from hearing twice before them in our education courts and in court,"},{"start":12450.4,"end":12457.8,"text":"Both were great judges, great ability to ask questions about the heart of the matter, and then make a decision based on their own interpretation of the Constitution."},{"start":12458.06,"end":12468.73,"text":"In the debate over a confirmation of the individual's right to what they may be charged if they are consumed, this is true, but only in a judicial, not a political sense."},{"start":12468.91,"end":12478.67,"text":"During my campaign, I pledged to nominate to the Supreme Court individuals who shared my judicial philosophy, which is basically a conservative philosophy."},{"start":12479.6,"end":12482.18,"text":"Let me give an example of what that philosophy means."},{"start":12482.52,"end":12493.69,"text":"Many cases in the past few years have come before the court involving the development of problems between the rights of society and the rights of defendants accused of crime against society."},{"start":12493.83,"end":12499.27,"text":"Honest and dedicated constitutional lawyers have disagreed as to where and how to maintain those problems."},{"start":12499.29,"end":12507.97,"text":"Twenty-one months ago, Mr. Walter Lippman wrote, the balance of power within our society has turned dangerously against the peace forces and the mayors and legislators and governors."},{"start":12508.95,"end":12513.13,"text":"against the police and the court."},{"start":12513.19,"end":12514.84,"text":"As a judicial conservative, I strongly share this view."},{"start":12514.86,"end":12521.96,"text":"I believe some court decisions have gone too far and weakened these portions of the national court in our society."},{"start":12523.14,"end":12537.17,"text":"Two individuals I am not even aware of, believe as I do, that in those decisions involving this delicate balance between a righteous society and an institution of crime, these forces must not be denied the legal tools they need to protect innocent people from criminal offense."},{"start":12537.19,"end":12550.36,"text":"I can assure you, brothers, that as great constitutional warriors, they are dedicated to the warrior's most precious principle, and the rights of individuals accused of crimes involving receiving the fullest protection from the law and the Constitution."},{"start":12552.62,"end":12557.74,"text":"It is of these criteria of mine that I am selected to do my name on the Senate and Senate command."},{"start":12557.76,"end":12564.56,"text":"Everything that Louis F. Powell has undertaken is accomplished with distinction and honor."},{"start":12564.66,"end":12573.95,"text":"Whether as a lawyer, as a citizen, his excellence has marked his career, his days as a student of the Washington Community League, or he was five-eighth captain of a Christian class in law school."},{"start":12575.42,"end":12581.03,"text":"Powell has practiced law in Richmond since 1931 and has been a courier to distinguished servants since World War II."},{"start":12581.05,"end":12585.35,"text":"In his unique legal career, he has received virtually every honor his profession has bestowed on him."},{"start":12585.37,"end":12590.69,"text":"He has been president of the American College of Law, the American Bar Foundation, and the American Bar Association."},{"start":12591.17,"end":12600.38,"text":"In that latter role, he has provided leadership in the Division of Legal Services for the Legion and the Division of Standards for the Administration of Criminal Justice."},{"start":12601.44,"end":12607.92,"text":"Lewis Powell is from Virginia, but like another great Virginian, she's just as marching."},{"start":12607.94,"end":12614.3,"text":"Lewis Powell is recognized by his sculptors in the very highest echelons in the bar and throughout the nation."},{"start":12614.34,"end":12620.75,"text":"And being a man who represents not just Virginia or the South, he is first and foremost a true man."},{"start":12620.77,"end":12624.83,"text":"William Rehnquist has always been outstanding in every intellectual endeavor he has ever undertaken."},{"start":12625.83,"end":12628.19,"text":"He was graduated from Stanford University, by the way, ."},{"start":12628.23,"end":12632.28,"text":"He graduated first in his class from Stanford University ."},{"start":12632.44,"end":12637.22,"text":"He was then awarded one of the highest honors of law ."},{"start":12637.28,"end":12644.7,"text":"He was chosen as law , one of the most outstanding members of the court in the past half century."},{"start":12645.42,"end":12652.93,"text":"In this position, he acted as legal assistant to the justice, and his duties included legal research in the highest order."},{"start":12654,"end":12664.95,"text":"Upon leaving the court, he engaged in general practice of law for 16 years in Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America, and I invited him to assist me in the general office of legal counsel."},{"start":12665.67,"end":12675.73,"text":"Legal counsel is a very special function in the Department of Justice, serving as the chief interpreter of the Constitution and the statutes of the United States."},{"start":12676.57,"end":12678.99,"text":"He is, in effect, the president's lawyer's wife."},{"start":12680.07,"end":12688.29,"text":"He has discharged his responsibility in this capacity with such great distinction that among the thousands of able warriors who serve in the federal government, Willie Ramos wins."},{"start":12688.31,"end":12692.51,"text":"At the very top is the Constitutional Order and his original stomach."},{"start":12692.57,"end":12699.25,"text":"Mr. Powell has directed us to that distinction in excellence in the highest degrees in the court of the United States."},{"start":12699.41,"end":12708.5,"text":"I am asking the Senate to approve their nomination, to prompt the Senate and the clerk to move forward in the backlog of the ability that we have invested too late in this case."},{"start":12710.48,"end":12718.67,"text":"Let me add a final word with regard to a subject that is very close to my heart because of my legal background, because of my years of study in the United States of America."},{"start":12718.69,"end":12723.54,"text":"I have lived in great distress and joy attending to the criticisms of any court."},{"start":12725.31,"end":12731,"text":"Let all Americans recognize that every individual has the right to disagree with the decision of the Supreme Court."},{"start":12731.02,"end":12735.2,"text":"After the decisions are handed down, it is our obligation to obey the law that we would like to obey."},{"start":12735.22,"end":12742.34,"text":"And it is our duty as citizens to respect the institution of the Supreme Court of the United States."},{"start":12742.36,"end":12747.04,"text":"We have had many historic, and even sometimes violent, debates throughout our history about the role of the Supreme Court."},{"start":12747.26,"end":12750.01,"text":"And let's never forget them."},{"start":12750.83,"end":12759.49,"text":"With respect for the Court, the final interpreter of the law is indispensable in America to survive free and free society."},{"start":12759.51,"end":12763.1,"text":"Except for the contribution he may be able to make to the cause of world peace,"},{"start":12764.22,"end":12774.54,"text":"There's probably no more important legacy than President Lee at these times, and his appointment to the Supreme Court of the United States."},{"start":12774.56,"end":12784.39,"text":"I believe that Chief Justice Berger and Judge Blackman, on their comments and their decisions, have earned the respect not only of those who supported the time I nominated them, but also of those who opposed and supported their appointments."},{"start":12784.41,"end":12790.31,"text":"It is my firm conviction, Lewis Powell and Clayton Rankin were of the same respect,"},{"start":12791.44,"end":12808.12,"text":"The great majority of Americans would be proud of them, as they were diligent to fulfill their primary duty as judges on our highest court, guardians of our Constitution, building respect for law, order, and justice throughout the world."},{"start":12812.38,"end":12814.26,"text":"Don't you feel very comfortable with it?"},{"start":12815.02,"end":12816.24,"text":"Well, it's you."},{"start":12816.64,"end":12819.14,"text":"No, I put in that hard line there that I used in the campaign."},{"start":12819.16,"end":12823.86,"text":"I believe some court decisions are going to be part of leading to peace forces."},{"start":12824.06,"end":12828.05,"text":"And I do it deliberately because I'm stuck with it when you get there."},{"start":12829.39,"end":12829.93,"text":"And it's true."},{"start":12830.11,"end":12831.89,"text":"You're keeping me worried."},{"start":12831.99,"end":12834.99,"text":"I've said it, so they know what I'm going to point."},{"start":12835.51,"end":12837.97,"text":"I just have a little feeling about that line."},{"start":12837.99,"end":12839.64,"text":"You say they believe as I do."},{"start":12840.48,"end":12847.04,"text":"Whether you are anticipating an open answer to read their minds is a little bit..."},{"start":12847.06,"end":12847.72,"text":"Yes, I am not."},{"start":12847.8,"end":12852.07,"text":"But..."},{"start":12852.84,"end":12855.3,"text":"The two would not be exactly the same."},{"start":12855.34,"end":12858.4,"text":"Just take out, take out how you do."},{"start":12858.44,"end":12861.19,"text":"Well, or not say it at all."},{"start":12861.21,"end":12862.05,"text":"Let's see then."},{"start":12862.07,"end":12863.45,"text":"Let's just say it at all."},{"start":12863.65,"end":12865.31,"text":"It's a little bit of exactly the same."},{"start":12865.43,"end":12871.05,"text":"Well, how do they think it should be done?"},{"start":12871.07,"end":12871.93,"text":"Just say it at all?"},{"start":12872.47,"end":12878.23,"text":"Yeah, sure."},{"start":12878.27,"end":12879.21,"text":"Yeah, that's right."},{"start":12879.23,"end":12879.55,"text":"That's right."},{"start":12879.61,"end":12880.83,"text":"We can't say that."},{"start":12881.77,"end":12885.99,"text":"I don't need some purchasing."},{"start":12886.05,"end":12887.88,"text":"I don't need the whole paragraph."},{"start":12887.92,"end":12891.14,"text":"It sounds a little bit like you're giving a signal of what you have."},{"start":12891.2,"end":12899.32,"text":"I can just go on and say, in any case, I don't need some purchasing."},{"start":12899.36,"end":12900.84,"text":"We've gone too far."},{"start":12901.46,"end":12908.2,"text":"It is with these criteria in mind that I have selected the two guys who made the most sense."},{"start":12912.48,"end":12915.84,"text":"It's a very good point."},{"start":12915.9,"end":12923.43,"text":"You want to read it again?"},{"start":12923.47,"end":12927.87,"text":"Mr. President, I don't want to read it again."},{"start":12927.95,"end":12934.55,"text":"The only area where you said the fear of the"},{"start":12937.07,"end":12937.95,"text":"That was the other one."},{"start":12938.09,"end":12938.83,"text":"Yes, it's here."},{"start":12938.85,"end":12940.23,"text":"Yes, it's an old city."},{"start":12940.25,"end":12940.83,"text":"The old city."},{"start":12940.85,"end":12941.39,"text":"The old city."},{"start":12941.43,"end":12943.23,"text":"Most people don't recognize it anymore."},{"start":12944.21,"end":12947.01,"text":"I'm not sure that that is that."},{"start":12947.61,"end":12951.84,"text":"I'd say it was right there."},{"start":12951.86,"end":12952.54,"text":"It was right there."},{"start":12958.66,"end":12960.32,"text":"The test is good, unless it's said that it's there."},{"start":12960.58,"end":12963.59,"text":"We can even go from that."},{"start":12963.79,"end":12965.17,"text":"We can even leave it out."},{"start":12965.41,"end":12970.35,"text":"I have fought a few Justice Presidents who have never done that."},{"start":12970.77,"end":12978.44,"text":"In the case of both Justice Presidents, there's sole obligation"},{"start":12980.24,"end":12987.35,"text":"The left-wing quote, he may say he didn't mean that."},{"start":13001.18,"end":13005.78,"text":"I don't know the context to which he said it, I don't know how to quote it."},{"start":13005.8,"end":13016.4,"text":"I'd like to quote it as the balance of power in our society, I've used it many times, and it's very dangerously against the peace forces, he wrote it quite a while ago, against governors and mayors and legislatures, against the police and the courts."},{"start":13016.9,"end":13017.08,"text":"Right."},{"start":13017.49,"end":13018.63,"text":"Some of them are kind of stuck on this."},{"start":13018.67,"end":13018.99,"text":"Sure."},{"start":13019.51,"end":13019.75,"text":"Sure."},{"start":13019.91,"end":13022.49,"text":"It's always nice to quote after the devil's quote."},{"start":13022.53,"end":13022.87,"text":"Hold on."},{"start":13023.05,"end":13023.37,"text":"Sure."},{"start":13024.66,"end":13029.56,"text":"Yes, it has, and it was in the Washington Post, in an article called The Fractured Sexual Abuse."},{"start":13029.66,"end":13031.4,"text":"As a judicial conservative, I strongly share this view."},{"start":13031.42,"end":13035,"text":"I believe some court decisions have gone too far, and we think that these..."},{"start":13035.02,"end":13043.31,"text":"There are a couple other papers that have decided what is happening in America."},{"start":13043.33,"end":13044.17,"text":"That's a good point."},{"start":13045.37,"end":13046.03,"text":"Well, he said it."},{"start":13046.11,"end":13050.16,"text":"He might say it didn't mean that this should have been, should have related to the court."},{"start":13050.18,"end":13057.55,"text":"But what the hell is, how does he think, how does he think the, how does he think the balance is objective unless the court is done?"},{"start":13057.61,"end":13061.67,"text":"Well, if he, that would be the only thing I have."},{"start":13061.71,"end":13064.03,"text":"Well, we don't care."},{"start":13064.96,"end":13067.2,"text":"The balance of power has turned, thank God."},{"start":13067.68,"end":13068.4,"text":"That doesn't matter why."},{"start":13068.42,"end":13069.86,"text":"I strongly share this with the police."},{"start":13069.97,"end":13086.22,"text":"I believe some court decisions have gone too far in the police force against the criminal police."},{"start":13086.28,"end":13086.6,"text":"Well..."},{"start":13088.75,"end":13091.27,"text":"I believe it is the court's decision."},{"start":13091.69,"end":13104.34,"text":"The court's decisions have played an important part in this opinion, I believe, in other words, in this one."},{"start":13104.36,"end":13111.14,"text":"The point is that why don't we say without thinking of the two individuals that we can say it?"},{"start":13115.83,"end":13118.61,"text":"so that we don't just put out what we said that against them."},{"start":13119.67,"end":13127.16,"text":"We can say as a judicial conservative, I strongly share this view."},{"start":13132.54,"end":13141.26,"text":"I believe, take a stop, I believe that in"},{"start":13145.82,"end":13164.83,"text":"That in court decisions, in court cases involving this delicate balance between the righteous society and defendants accused of crime, the peace forces must not be denied the legal tools they need to protect innocent people from criminal elephants."},{"start":13170.49,"end":13176.41,"text":"I mean, in other words, without putting that in their mouths that they share with you, I might get the same thing."},{"start":13176.93,"end":13183.91,"text":"And then I could say that the balance..."},{"start":13184.05,"end":13189.16,"text":"In other words, I'm stating my philosophy."},{"start":13189.34,"end":13197.9,"text":"And... No, no, I reverse the sentences."},{"start":13198.8,"end":13199.24,"text":"As a..."},{"start":13207.92,"end":13225.08,"text":"As a lawyer, I am dedicated to the principle that the rights of individuals accused of crime must always receive the fullest protection of the law and of the Constitution."},{"start":13226.26,"end":13229.88,"text":"But I believe that in those decisions,"},{"start":13230.7,"end":13243.62,"text":"involving the delicate balance between the righteous society and defendants accused of crime, the peace forces must not be denied the legal tools they need for protecting its impeachment from criminal law."},{"start":13243.66,"end":13248.87,"text":"Letter of reverse in two sentences."},{"start":13248.91,"end":13249.95,"text":"How does that sound to you?"},{"start":13250.01,"end":13250.75,"text":"I'm not sure."},{"start":13250.85,"end":13253.31,"text":"I've got to put something positive in there."},{"start":13253.33,"end":13254.21,"text":"It isn't in there, you see."},{"start":13254.23,"end":13257.25,"text":"This is a new sentence that you put in."},{"start":13257.77,"end":13258.13,"text":"Actually,"},{"start":13259.17,"end":13285.74,"text":"i used to prefer the other order because the the yes but i believe in uh the venice right but it's not a good way to put it it's one thing i didn't put it in the first time but but as a uh but i'd like to say i believe in protecting me but i mean i believe in it but above all but but but but i was a"},{"start":13290.25,"end":13296.01,"text":"But as a lawyer, no."},{"start":13296.39,"end":13311.2,"text":"But I, but I am dedicated, but as, you see, I think we've got to say that for the reason that otherwise we just simply disagree, we agree with Lippmann and don't say what the hell the court has to do with it, see?"},{"start":13311.22,"end":13313.6,"text":"That we have to rectify the balance."},{"start":13315.26,"end":13329.09,"text":"whether you could say, since Lippmann didn't attribute this necessarily to the courts, you could say, I agree with Mr. Lippmann, and I believe that the balance of the court has played a large part."},{"start":13329.11,"end":13339.71,"text":"Therefore, you'll see to it that the rights of the victim are protected with due regard to the rights of the victim."},{"start":13340.49,"end":13341.63,"text":"He doesn't quite attribute it."},{"start":13341.65,"end":13342.13,"text":"You could."},{"start":13342.19,"end":13343.88,"text":"You could say, yes, we understand what you're saying."},{"start":13345.67,"end":13354.16,"text":"And I, as a lawyer, I figured the question, I don't know, I don't want to go that far now."},{"start":13354.18,"end":13356.9,"text":"That's not, that's not necessary."},{"start":13357.94,"end":13359.04,"text":"Why did I go around that?"},{"start":13359.06,"end":13359.7,"text":"No, no, I agree."},{"start":13359.86,"end":13362.64,"text":"Honest and dedicated."},{"start":13362.74,"end":13364.92,"text":"I've said this so many times, I'm stuck with it anyway."},{"start":13364.98,"end":13370.1,"text":"I'm not supposed to go out here to disagree or how to maintain that balance."},{"start":13374.56,"end":13380.5,"text":"The only part of this speech that the average person is going to give one thing or the other."},{"start":13380.52,"end":13390.13,"text":"See, all the lawyers and the intellectuals will be wondering about their approval, how bright they are in front of the 580 capitol, but the average guy cares whether or not we're going to go after the dot-desk, don't we?"},{"start":13390.31,"end":13391.65,"text":"And they're right."},{"start":13392.25,"end":13394.39,"text":"That's why this has got to stay in in some way or another."},{"start":13395.01,"end":13397.79,"text":"Honest and dedicated testimony this year, 21 months ago."},{"start":13398.21,"end":13399.61,"text":"You want to take the Lipman photo?"},{"start":13402.91,"end":13405.27,"text":"Pretty damn strong."},{"start":13405.31,"end":13416.06,"text":"Well, where's the sentence where you said that the two men believed that by doing it?"},{"start":13426.82,"end":13427.84,"text":"That's right."},{"start":13428.04,"end":13431.07,"text":"That's what I, as long as that comes out."},{"start":13431.09,"end":13431.59,"text":"That's all."},{"start":13431.67,"end":13434.51,"text":"I like the order the way it is."},{"start":13434.67,"end":13435.11,"text":"All right."},{"start":13435.15,"end":13436.69,"text":"Then the way I get away."},{"start":13436.73,"end":13437.35,"text":"Listen, Rose."},{"start":13437.37,"end":13438.03,"text":"Put it down."},{"start":13438.05,"end":13438.55,"text":"Take this down."},{"start":13438.57,"end":13438.75,"text":"Okay."},{"start":13438.83,"end":13448.15,"text":"As your judicial conservative, I strongly share that you were following after Reynolds."},{"start":13449.75,"end":13452.61,"text":"I believe some court decisions."},{"start":13452.65,"end":13453.33,"text":"That's a new paradigm."},{"start":13454.76,"end":13459.42,"text":"I believe some court decisions, no, no, no, as it is conserved, it is correct."},{"start":13459.48,"end":13460.3,"text":"You get the point."},{"start":13460.36,"end":13477.42,"text":"I believe some court decisions have gone too far, and we've been impeached against the criminal forces in our society."},{"start":13477.64,"end":13480.96,"text":"Then it would go on."},{"start":13481.68,"end":13483.72,"text":"That in maintaining"},{"start":13485.02,"end":13490.4,"text":"the delicate balance between the righteous side and the defendants accused of crime."},{"start":13490.42,"end":13498.07,"text":"I believe that these forces must not be denied the legal tools they need to protect innocent people from criminal elements."},{"start":13498.09,"end":13500.99,"text":"That's true and excellent."},{"start":13501.19,"end":13504.99,"text":"And then finally, at the same time,"},{"start":13510.59,"end":13514.98,"text":"At this time, you could say I'm confident that the ."},{"start":13517.56,"end":13525.19,"text":"Well, if you do that, it would be the only time to the left and not the right."},{"start":13526.25,"end":13529.23,"text":"Let's just say what I said."},{"start":13529.27,"end":13530.15,"text":"We're talking ."},{"start":13541.22,"end":13562.09,"text":"I believe we can accomplish this goal, but at the same time, without compromising, without jeopardy, without..."},{"start":13572.52,"end":13599.91,"text":"Without compromise, the lawyers, I think the idea, without compromise, the lawyers, rather than the lawyers, without compromise, our most precious principle is that the rights of individuals accused of crime must always receive the fullest protection of the law and the Constitution."},{"start":13601.9,"end":13603.96,"text":"I think I was just writing the original stuff."},{"start":13604.04,"end":13607.86,"text":"I think that would be a little better."},{"start":13607.88,"end":13615.75,"text":"I wonder, on this typewriter, go out and type that off and bring it right back in, please."}],"transcriptBoundary":{"start":11942,"end":13610,"startMethod":"llm-alignment","endMethod":"llm-alignment"},"transcriptConfidence":"high","transcriptSource":"bigtape","aiSummary":{"text":"President Nixon met with Richard A. Moore and Rose Mary Woods to rehearse and refine a televised speech regarding his nominations for the Supreme Court. The discussion focused on articulating the President’s judicial philosophy, specifically his preference for judicial conservatism, while incorporating a quote from commentator Walter Lippmann to support his stance. The participants also addressed the logistics of notifying key stakeholders and the drafting process for the broadcast, which aimed to clarify the administration's approach to judicial appointments.","topics":["Supreme Court nominations","Judicial philosophy","Richard M. Nixon","Presidential speeches","Judicial conservatism","Walter Lippmann"],"generatedAt":"2026-04-06T13:13:35.624Z"},"topicSlugs":["supreme-court-nominations","judicial-philosophy","richard-m-nixon","presidential-speeches","judicial-conservatism","walter-lippmann"],"audioDurationSec":1671,"audioFiles":[{"file":"281-047-splice.mp3","bytes":26736475,"durationSec":1671,"bitrate":128002,"missing":false}],"audioIsShared":false,"audioProbedAt":"2026-09-18T14:10:31.982Z","originalFilename":["281a.mp3","281b.mp3","281c.mp3"],"spliceSource":{"spliceType":"bigtape","sourceFiles":["281b.mp3"],"cutStart":11940.5,"cutEnd":13611.5,"adjustedStart":11940.5,"adjustedEnd":13611.5,"boundaryMethod":"llm-alignment","confidence":"high","splicedAt":"2026-09-18T14:10:31.982Z"},"transcriptPrev":{"segments":255,"replacedAt":"2026-09-18T14:14:08.014Z"},"audio":["https://nixon.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/audio/281-047-splice.mp3"],"url":"https://www.easynixon.org/tapes/281-047","nixonLibraryUrl":"https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/white-house-tapes/281/conversation-281-047","license":"Public domain (U.S. Government work). AI-generated fields (transcript, aiSummary) are provided as-is without warranty."}