Nixon White House Tapes › Tape 323 › Conversation 323-031
Nixon & Ziegler on Equal Rights Amendment and School busing
Friday, March 17, 1972 · 2:45 PM–3:02 PM ET · Old Executive Office Building
AI Summary
President Nixon met with Ronald Ziegler to discuss messaging strategies for the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) and the administration's stance on school busing. Nixon instructed Ziegler to emphasize his broad support for a constitutional amendment while deferring the technical wording and legislative process to Congress to avoid getting bogged down in legal debates. Regarding busing, they reviewed the political impact of the issue, concluding that public sentiment largely aligned with the President's position despite opposition from the press and political liberals.
- Equal Rights Amendment
- School busing
- Press strategy
- Constitutional amendment
- Election year politics
Audio
Download MP3 (part 1) · 111.9 MB ·Download MP3 (part 2) · 107.8 MB
This conversation has not yet been cut into its own clip, so the player above contains the full tape segment shared with neighbouring conversations. It begins about 02:21:54 into the tape and ends around 02:39:28.
Transcript (AI-generated)
This transcript was generated automatically by AI (WhisperX) and has not been reviewed for accuracy. Names and numbers are often wrong; speakers are not identified. Do not cite it as authoritative — verify against the audio and the finding aid.
Download transcript (.txt) · JSON data
NARA Description
On March 17, 1972, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 2:45 pm to 3:02 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 323-031 of the White House Tapes.
Nixon Library Finding Aid
Conversation No. 323-31
Date: March 17, 1972
Time: 2:45 pm - 3:02 pm
Location: Executive Office Building
The President met with Ronald L. Ziegler.
Equal Rights Amendment [ERA]
-Questions
-The President’s support
-Co-sponsor of legislation in 1951
-Statement of support in 1968
-Lawyers
-Statement of support
-The President’s view
-Proposed letter to Hugh Scott
-House Resolution 208 [HR 208]
-Constitutional amendment
-Changes
-Wording
-Amending
-Congressional role
-House and Senate
-Support
-Wording of the proposed amendment
-The President’s support
-House and Senate
-Wording
-Changes
-The President’s view
-Co-sponsor of legislation in 1951
-1960, 1968
-The President’s role in legislation
-Final wording of amendment
-House and Senate
-Debate
-Statement
-Wording
-HR 208
-Lawyers
Press briefing
-Columbia Broadcasting System [CBS]
-Question to Edward L. Morgan
-Busing to achieve racial balance
-The President’s view
-Busing
-The President’s view
-Liberals
-Florida primary
-George C. Wallace
-John V. Lindsay
-George S. McGovern
-American citizens support for the President’s previous speech on busing
-Reactionaries
-Liberals
-Press corps
-Experiences
-Change in position
-Moratorium
-Congress
-Michael J. Mansfield
-Edmund S. Muskie
-Hubert H. Humphrey
-McGovern
-Humphrey
-Blacks
-Liberals
-Washington Post
-Briefing team
-Meeting with Ziegler
-Ziegler’s view
-Press questions
-Tone
-Television
-Writing press
-Afternoon briefing strategy
-Press reaction
-Changes
-Radio
-Television
-The President’s view
-Election year
-Busing
-International Telephone and Telegraph [ITT]
-Issue
-Coverage
-Awareness
-White House involvement
-Harry S. Truman
-Dwight D. Eisenhower
-Sherman Adams example
-Convention
-Strategy
-White House involvement
-Peter M. Flanigan
-Involvement
-Circumstances
-[First name unknown] Sullivan
-Press corps
Ziegler left at 3:02 pm.Also recorded on March 17, 1972
- 687-004 1:14 PM · 40 sec — Stephen B. Bull and United States Secret Service agents met in the Oval Office of the White House at 1:14 pm.
- 323-029 1:45 PM · 44 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and Manolo Sanchez met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 1:45 pm and 2:45 pm.
- 323-030 1:45 PM · 2 min — President Richard M. Nixon and unknown person(s) met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 1:45 pm and 2:45 pm.
- 323-032 3:02 PM · 29 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and Howard Russell met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 3:02 pm and 3:05 pm.
- 323-033 3:05 PM · 1 hr 12 min — President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, unknown person(s), Manolo Sanchez, Henry A. Kissinger, John D. Ehrlichman, and the White House operator met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 3:05 pm to 4:37 pm.
- 021-101 4:34 PM · 6 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and the White House operator talked on the telephone at 4:34 pm.
- 021-102 4:34 PM · 15 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and the White House operator talked on the telephone at 4:34 pm.
- 021-103 4:34 PM · 8 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and the White House operator talked on the telephone at an unknown time between 4:34 pm and 5:29 pm.
Cite this conversation
Conversation 323-031, March 17, 1972. White House Tapes, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, National Archives. Audio and AI transcript via Easy Nixon, https://www.easynixon.org/tapes/323-031 (accessed October 3, 2026).