Nixon White House Tapes › Tape 380 › Conversation 380-001
Nixon, Kennedy & Bull on Nicaragua earthquake and Humanitarian aid
Thursday, December 28, 1972 · 9:35 AM–10:23 AM ET · Old Executive Office Building · 1 hr 31 min
AI Summary
President Nixon met with Stephen Bull and Col. Richard T. Kennedy to coordinate humanitarian relief efforts following a devastating earthquake in Managua, Nicaragua, and to discuss the ongoing status of the Vietnam War. Regarding Nicaragua, the President reviewed travel logistics for a potential visit and determined that Ambassador-designate John Scali should instead act as his personal representative to manage aid efforts and public relations. The discussion then shifted to Vietnam, where the participants analyzed North Vietnam’s potential responses to recent U.S. bombing campaigns, the state of peace negotiations, and the internal political challenges facing South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu.
- Nicaragua earthquake
- Humanitarian aid
- Vietnam War
- Peace negotiations
- John Scali
- Nguyen Van Thieu
Audio
Download MP3 (part 1) · 77.5 MB ·Download MP3 (part 2) · 47.7 MB
Transcript (AI-generated)
This transcript is incomplete. The transcription skipped stretches of speech — roughly 48 minutes of this recording (about 53% of it) is represented by only a few words. Listen to the audio rather than relying on the text below; a corrected transcript is queued.
This transcript was generated automatically by AI (WhisperX) and has not been reviewed for accuracy. Names and numbers are often wrong; speakers are not identified. Do not cite it as authoritative — verify against the audio and the finding aid.
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NARA Description
On December 28, 1972, President Richard M. Nixon, Stephen B. Bull, and Col. Richard T. Kennedy met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 9:35 am to 10:23 am. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 380-001 of the White House Tapes.
Nixon Library Finding Aid
Conversation No. 380-1
Date: December 28, 1972
Time: 9:35 am - 10:23 am
Location: Executive Office Building
The President met with Stephen B. Bull.
The President’s schedule
-Col. Richard T. Kennedy
Kennedy entered at 9:35 am.
The President's schedule
Nicaragua earthquake relief
-The President’s possible trip to Nicaragua
-Duration
-Travel arrangements
-Airplane with nurses, doctors
-Press
-Symbolism
-Flight
-Duration
-Compared to trip to San Clemente
-Timing
-Anastasio Somoza Debayle
-Arrival sites
-Helicopters
-Helicopters
-Number
-Secret Service
-[Managua]
-Refugee center
-Military hospital
-Ambassador's residence
-US embassy
-Destruction
-Press pool
-Press relations
-2-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 380-1 (cont’d)
-Food aid
-Symbolism
-Milk, beef
-Aid requirements
-Medical aid
-Food
-Symbolism
-Diversion of ships
-Wheat, flour
-Guatemala
-Field hospital
-Tents
-Tools
-Symbolism
-Return to White House or Key Biscayne
-Timing
-Turner B. Shelton’s recommendation
-Symbolism
-Good neighbor
-Negative Aspects
-The President’s trip to Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, June 24, 1972 and
Thelma C. (“Pat”) Nixon’s trip to Peru
-Mrs. Nixon’s trip to Peru
-Further tremors
-Managua
-Refugees
-Casualties
-Somoza’s announcement
-Looting
-Division of city
-Managua
-Refugee center
-Press relations
-Humanitarianism
-US bombing of North Vietnam
-Richard A. Moore
-H.R. (“Bob”) Haldeman
-Schedule
-Moore’s view
-Managua
-3-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 380-1 (cont’d)
-Possible trip by Presidential representative
-Charles A. Meyer
-Possible Oval Office meeting
-John A. Hannah
-John A. Scali
-Ambassadorship to United Nations [UN]
-Role
-Hannah
-Scali’s role
-Press relations
-Advantages
-Scali’s schedule
-The President’s possible trip to Nicaragua
-Symbolism
-Latin America
-Press relations
-Vietnam War
-Inner critics
-The President’s first trip to Latin America
-Latin American governments
-Somoza
-Scali’s possible trip to Nicaragua
-Shelton
-The President’s possible trip to Nicaragua
-Press relations
-Travel arrangements
-Helicopters
-Managua
-Destruction
-Trucks
-Refugee center
-Truck companies
-Helicopters
-Latin American government’s aid
-Surplus
-War
-Relief efforts by US citizens and government
-Coordination
-State Department Task Force
-Recent newspaper article
-4-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 380-1 (cont’d)
-Volunteer agencies
-Bangladesh
-Task Force
-David Lazar
-Maurice J. Williams
-Bangladesh
-Agency for International Development [AID]
-State Department
-Hannah
-State Department
-Concern by Administration
-Capabilities
-Red Cross
-Camp Fire girls
-Business sector
-Military
-Press relations
-Gerald L. Warren
-The President’s meetings
-Shelton
-Williams
-Possible trip to Nicaragua
-Responsibility
-Possible meeting with the President
-Telephone call
-Hannah
-Responsibility
-Task Force
-State Department
-AID
-Defense Department
-Previous work
-Reports to the President
-The President’s possible trip to Nicaragua
-Helicopter
-Timing
-Bull’s forthcoming call to Shelton
-Recommendation
-Duration
-Williams’ possible trip to Nicaragua
-5-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 380-1 (cont’d)
The President’s schedule
Nicaragua earthquake relief
-Bull’s forthcoming call to Shelton
-The President’s appreciation for Shelton’s work
-The President’s interest
-Coordination
-The President’s possible trip to Nicaragua
-Timing
Bull left at 10:23 am.
-The President’s possible trip to Nicaragua
-Appeal
-Christmas season
-Humanitarianism
-Latin America
-Limitations to US action
-Incompetence
-Corruption
-Symbolism
-Africa
-Press relations
-Vietnam War
Vietnam War
-Forthcoming messages from North Vietnam
-Response to US message of December 27, 1972
-The President’s recent conversation with Henry A. Kissinger
-Kennedy’s recent conversation with an unknown person
-Resumption of negotiations
-Conditions
-Technical talks
“Serious” tone
-Kissinger’s forthcoming meetings with Le Duc Tho, January 8,
1973
-October 1972 understandings
-November and December 1972 modifications
-Protocols
-6-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 380-1 (cont’d)
-Forthcoming press statement by North Vietnam
-Timing
-Cessation of US bombing North of the 20th Parallel
-December 18, 1972
-US bombing South of the 20th Parallel
-Kissinger’s press conference, December 16,
1972
-Impasse
-US bombing North of 20th Parallel
-Public relations [PR]
-US bombing North of 20th Parallel
-US-Sweden relations
-US-Australia relations
-[Seaman’s Union of Australia]
-Boycott of US ships
-Size
-The President
-Radicalism
-Harry Bridges
-US-Sweden relations
-Forthcoming message from North Vietnam
-Breakdown in negotiations
-US bombing North of 20th Parallel
-Cessation
-Continuation of [May 8, 1972] policy
-Press relations
-Briefing
-Post December 18, 1972
-Motivation
-Pressure
-Press and media relations
-Number of US air attacks
-Post-December 18, 1972
-Message for Kissinger
-The President’s plan for unified command for Southeast Asia
-Timing
-Location
Black September
-Seizure of Israeli embassy in Bangkok
-7-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 380-1 (cont’d)
-Hostages
-Possible US statement
-Munich Olympics massacre
-Possible Israeli response
-Demand
-Release of prisoners
-Hostages
-Possible Thailand government response
-US contingency plans
Lester B. Pearson
-Death
-Relationship with the President
-Duration
-Service to [Canada]
-Significance
-Post-World War II
Vietnam War
-B-52s
-Losses
-Landing in North Vietnam
-Radio contact with pilot, crew
-Search and rescue operation
-US bombing of North Vietnam
-Hanoi area
-Surface-to-air missile [SAMs] sites
-Weather
-Tactical air [TACAIR] sites
-Losses
-Speed, maneuverability
-SAM II
-Soviet Union
-B-52s
-Sorties
-Destruction of RADCOM station in Hanoi, December 27,
1972
-Effect
-SAMS
-Number fired
-8-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 380-1 (cont’d)
-Number available
-September 1972
-Railroad cars
-Number fired
-Recent number compared to May 1972
-B-52s
-Effect
-Forthcoming message from North Vietnam
-Kissinger
-Possible message
-Resumption of negotiations
-Conditions
-Pre-December 18, 1972 bombing status
-Resumption of negotiations
-North Vietnam
-Interest in settlement agreement
-US bombing North of 20th Parallel
-Effect
-Evaluation of Hanoi
-Cadres in South Vietnam
-Cease-fire
-Morale
-December 18-28, 1972
-Cessation
-Pressure
-Resumption
-Pressure
-The President’s May 8, 1972 and December 18,
1972 decisions
-The President’s will
-Delay
-Pressure on US
-International, Congressional
-Joan Baez and Gen. Telford Taylor’s trip to Hanoi
-Arrival
-December 17, 1972
-Departure
-Difficulty
-Meeting, January 2, 1973
-Congress
-9-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 380-1 (cont’d)
Nicaragua earthquake relief
-State Department
-Task Force
-PR
-Scali
-Defense Department
-Press relations
-Williams’ forthcoming trip to Nicaragua
-Scali
-PR
-State Department, Defense Department, Aid
Vietnam War
-Forthcoming message from North Vietnam
-Timing
-Paris
-Response
-Timing
-Negotiations
-Kissinger
-Resumption of negotiations
-Conditions
-US message to North Vietnam, December 27, 1972
-Settlement agreement
-Delay
-US bombing North of 20th Parallel
-Cessation
-Resumption
-Pressure on US
-International, Congressional
-1972 election
-Effect
-Congressional relations
-Timing
-Settlement agreement
-Terms
-US-South Vietnam relations
-January 10, 1973
-Cosmetics
-10-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 380-1 (cont’d)
-Demilitarized Zone [DMZ]
-Withdrawal of North Vietnamese troops from South Vietnam
-Flexibility
-Intelligence
-Le Duc Tho’s comments
-Thieu’s position
-Political base
-1971 election
-Lack of opposition
-Cease-fire
-Government of South Vietnam [GVN], bureaucracy
-Restructuring
-Vis-à-vis US
-Public statement
-Separate deal
-Vietnamization
-US back-up position
-Kissinger
-US withdrawal
-Cessation of US bombing and mining of North Vietnam
-Quality
-US bombing of North of 20th Parallel
-Resumption [?]
-Separate deal
-Possible rejection by North Vietnam
-US bombing North of 20th Parallel
-Justification
-North Vietnam’s possible acceptance
-Thieu’s possible rejection
-Thieu’s possible acceptance
-Thieu’s position
-Veto
-Long-term US interest
-Veto
-Vietnamization
-Cessation of US bombing
-North Vietnam’s position
-Thieus’s position
-The President’s December 18, 1972 decision
-US South Vietnam relations
-11-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 380-1 (cont’d)
-The President’s May 8, 1972 decision
-1972 election
-The President’s December 18, 1972 decision
-Effect on South Vietnam
-US international relations
-The President’s December 18, 1972 decision
-Importance
-US commitments
-Cease-fire
-Lost time
-Congress
-1973 inauguration
-1972 election
-South Vietnam’s army
-South Vietnam’s survival
-Continuation of war
-US guarantee
-North Vietnamese troops in South Vietnam
-Separate deal
-US withdrawal
-Cessation of US bombing and mining of North Vietnam
-Effect on South Vietnam
-Lack of cease-fire
-Lack of US intervention or threat of retaliation against
North Vietnam
-Separate deal
-Viability
-Cessation of active hostilities
-Violations
-Significance
-US military response
-US public opinion
-US public opinion
-Lyndon B. Johnson
******************************************************************************
[Previous National Security (B) withdrawal reviewed under MDR guidelines case number
LPRN-T-MDR-2014-019. Segment declassified on 09/12/2018. Archivist: MM]
-12-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 380-1 (cont’d)
[National Security]
[380-001-w001]
[Duration: 15s]
North Korea
-38th parallel
******************************************************************************
Vietnam War
-Effect on US international relations
-US public opinion
-Korean War
-Casualties
-Communism
-South Vietnam
-Population
-Communism
-War as mistake
-Settlement agreement
-Violations
-US military response
-Compared to Israel’s military responses
-Clarity
-North Vietnam
-Soviet Union
-Effect on US will
-Press relations
-Camp David
-US public opinion
-Thieu, South Vietnam
-South Vietnam’s possible collapse
-Timing
-US effort
-Duration
-Casualties
-Forthcoming message from North Vietnam
-Cessation of US bombing of North Vietnam
-Private statement
-13-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 380-1 (cont’d)
-Xuan Thuy’s recent statement
-Negotiations
-Technical talks
-Delay
-[December 23, 1972] statement
-Resumption
-Cessation of US bombing North of 20th Parallel
-Pressure on US
-Conditions
-Pressure on North Vietnam
-Forthcoming message from North Vietnam
-Instruction for Kennedy
-Kissinger
Nicaragua earthquake relief
-Scali
-PR
-Williams’ forthcoming trip to Nicaragua
-The President’s schedule
-Possible meeting with Williams
Kennedy left at an unknown time before 11:08 am.Also recorded on December 28, 1972
- 035-022 10:23 AM · 25 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and the White House operator talked on the telephone at an unknown time between 10:23 am and 11:08 am.
- 380-002 10:23 AM · 14 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and the White House operator met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 10:23 am and 11:08 am.
- 035-023 11:08 AM · 21 sec — the White House operator and President Richard M. Nixon talked on the telephone at 11:08 am.
- 380-003 11:08 AM · 20 sec — the White House operator and President Richard M. Nixon met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at 11:08 am.
- 380-004 11:08 AM · 29 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and Marjorie P. Acker met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 11:08 am and 11:56 am.
- 380-005 11:08 AM · 4 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and Manolo Sanchez met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 11:08 am and 11:56 am.
- 380-006 11:08 AM · 11 min — President Richard M. Nixon met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 11:08 am and 11:56 am.
- 035-024 11:56 AM · 39 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and Thelma C. ("Pat") (Ryan) Nixon talked on the telephone from 11:56 am to 11:57 am.
Cite this conversation
Conversation 380-001, December 28, 1972. White House Tapes, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, National Archives. Audio and AI transcript via Easy Nixon, https://www.easynixon.org/tapes/380-001 (accessed October 5, 2026).