{"conversationCode":"425-009","tapeNumber":425,"conversationNumber":9,"identifier":"37-wht-conversation-425-009","startDateTime":"1973-03-28T17:35:00.000Z","endDateTime":"1973-03-28T17:36:00.000Z","startDate":"28-Mar-1973","startTime":"12:35 PM","endDate":"28-Mar-1973","endTime":"12:36 PM","dateCertainty":"certain","timeCertainty":"certain","participants":"Nixon, Richard M. (President); Bull, Stephen B.;","description":"On March 28, 1973, President Richard M. Nixon and Stephen B. Bull met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 12:35 pm to 12:36 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 425-009 of the White House Tapes.","locationCode":"EOB","recordingDevice":"Old Executive Office Building","latitudeEstimated":38.897567,"longitudeEstimated":-77.039147,"chronCode":"5.4","chronRelease":"Fifth Chronological Release: Part IV","chronReleaseDate":"8-Dec-2010","aogpRelease":null,"aogpSegment":null,"lastModified":"2015-07-27T17:04:10.235Z","findingAid":"Conversation No. 425-9\n\nDate: March 28, 1973\nTime: 12:35 pm - 12:36 pm\nLocation: Executive Office Building\n\nThe President talked with Stephen B. Bull.\n\f                                             -4-\n\n                  NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM\n\n                                                            Conversation No. 425-9 (cont’d)\n\n[See also Conversation No. 44-47]","filename":["425-009.mp3"],"tapeStart":"","tapeEnd":"","participantsList":["Nixon, Richard M. (President)","Bull, Stephen B."],"prevCode":"425-008","nextCode":"425-010","transcript":[{"start":0.18,"end":12.5,"text":"Yeah."},{"start":12.52,"end":16.03,"text":"Yeah."},{"start":16.05,"end":20.71,"text":"Get at the number of times that I have spoken, uh, from the Oval Office on Vietnam over the last four years."},{"start":20.73,"end":20.91,"text":"Uh, what?"},{"start":20.93,"end":21.52,"text":"Like, who do you personalize?"},{"start":21.54,"end":21.96,"text":"You know what I mean?"},{"start":21.98,"end":22.92,"text":"That is, who do I address from the Oval Office?"},{"start":22.94,"end":23.22,"text":"Is that right?"},{"start":23.24,"end":23.54,"text":"How many times?"},{"start":23.56,"end":23.66,"text":"Okay."}],"aiSummary":{"text":"President Nixon instructed Stephen B. Bull to compile a statistical record of his Oval Office addresses concerning the Vietnam War over the previous four years. The President sought to quantify and categorize these appearances to better understand how he utilized the office to communicate his policy. Bull was tasked with researching the frequency and specific audiences targeted during these televised speeches.","topics":["Vietnam War","Oval Office addresses","presidential communication","public relations","Stephen B. Bull"],"generatedAt":"2026-04-06T19:21:44.650Z"},"topicSlugs":["vietnam-war","oval-office-addresses","presidential-communication","public-relations","stephen-b-bull"],"audioDurationSec":29,"audioFiles":[{"file":"425-009.mp3","bytes":159744,"durationSec":28.51,"bitrate":44829,"missing":false}],"audioIsShared":false,"audioProbedAt":"2026-09-18T02:19:47.376Z","findingAidSource":"nixonlibrary.gov subject log (2024-05), reslice-v2","findingAidUpdatedAt":"2026-09-18T08:43:38.160Z","audio":["https://nixon.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/audio/425-009.mp3"],"url":"https://www.easynixon.org/tapes/425-009","nixonLibraryUrl":"https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/white-house-tapes/425/conversation-425-009","license":"Public domain (U.S. Government work). AI-generated fields (transcript, aiSummary) are provided as-is without warranty."}