{"conversationCode":"451-007","tapeNumber":451,"conversationNumber":7,"identifier":"37-wht-conversation-451-007","startDateTime":"1971-02-18T16:13:00.000Z","endDateTime":"1971-02-18T17:22:00.000Z","startDate":"18-Feb-1971","startTime":"11:13 AM","endDate":"18-Feb-1971","endTime":"12:22 PM","dateCertainty":"certain","timeCertainty":"certain","participants":"Nixon, Richard M. (President); Colombo, Emilio; Seidenman, Neil A.; De Seabra, A. Jose;","description":"On February 18, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Emilio Colombo, Neil A. Seidenman, and A. Jose De Seabra met in the Oval Office of the White House from 11:13 am to 12:22 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 451-007 of the White House Tapes.","locationCode":"OVAL","recordingDevice":"Oval Office","latitudeEstimated":38.8974,"longitudeEstimated":-77.0374,"chronCode":1,"chronRelease":"First Chronological Release","chronReleaseDate":"5-Oct-1999","aogpRelease":null,"aogpSegment":null,"lastModified":"2015-07-27T17:04:10.235Z","findingAid":"Conversation No. 451-7\n\nDate: February 18, 1971\nTime: 11:13 am - 12:22 pm\nLocation: Oval Office\n\nThe President met with Emilio Colombo, Neil A. Seidenman, and A. Jose De Seabra\n\n******************************************************************************\n\n[Previous National Security (B) withdrawal reviewed under MDR guidelines case number\nLPRN-T-MDR-2014-020. Segment declassified on 10/10/2018. Archivist: MAS]\n[National Security]\n[451-007-w001]\n[Duration: 1h 8m 41s]\n\n       Oval Office\n\nCabinet Room\n\n[Unintelligible]\n\nItaly\n        -The President’s previous meeting with Emilio Colombo\n        -Italian domestic politics\n                -Emilio Colombo’s analysis\n                        -Ruling coalition\n                                 -Italian political parties\n                        -Right and left\n        -Vietnam's effect on Italian politics\n        -\"United front\" politics\n                -Italian political parties\n        -People’s Republic of China [PRC]\n                -Emilio Colombo’s opinion\n        -The President’s position on importance of non-Communist Italy\n                -Place in Europe\n        -Relations with the US\n                -Anti-US sentiment abroad\n        -Middle East and the US\n        -Alliances\n        -US' Southeast Asian policies\n                -Laotian operations\n                -Goals\n                -Withdrawal program\n                        -Prisoners of war [POWs]\n                -Vietnam\n                -William P. Rogers\n                        -Middle East\n                                 -February 19, 1971 briefing\n                                 -Arabs and Israelis\n                                         -History and future\n                                 -Cease-fire March 1971\n        -Mediterranean nations\n                -Italy\n                        -Role\n                        -West compared to Communists\n                        -The President’s previous trip to Rome\n                -Spain\n                -Greece\n\n        -North Africa [?]\n                -Egypt\n-North Atlantic Treaty Organization [NATO]\n-Japan\n        -Social and economic issues\n-Textiles\n        -The President’s stance against quotas\n-Trade\n        -British\n        -Barriers\n        -US sentiment\n                -Agriculturalists [?]\n                        -The President’s opinion\n        -Importance of avoiding trade war\n-People's Republic of China [PRC]\n        -The President’s concern\n        -Emilio Colombo’s analysis\n-Common Market\n        -Drawbacks to trade aspects\n        -Agriculture\n        -Germans\n        -French\n        -British\n        -Agriculture modernization\n                -Grain\n        -German costs\n        -Protectionism sentiment in US\n                -The President’s description\n                        -Jews [?]\n                        -Impact\n                -Trade liberalization\n                -The President’s belief in free trade\n                -Collective solutions\n                -Italian perception\n-Agriculture\n-North Atlantic Treaty Organization [NATO]\n-The President’s summation of Emilio Colombo\n-US-Italian relationship\n-Economic problems\n-Communists\n-Development\n-Social services\n\n               -Organized labor\n               -Italian press accounts\n                       -Labor unrest\n                       -Transformation\n                       -Psychological tests [?]\n                       -Response\n\n******************************************************************************\n\nThe President, et al. left at 12:22 pm","filename":["451-007.mp3"],"tapeStart":"00:47:20","tapeEnd":"00:56:02","participantsList":["Nixon, Richard M. (President)","Colombo, Emilio","Seidenman, Neil A.","De Seabra, A. Jose"],"prevCode":"451-006","nextCode":"451-008","transcript":[{"start":4659.3,"end":4659.39,"text":"Thank you."}],"aiSummary":{"text":"President Nixon met with Italian Prime Minister Emilio Colombo to discuss international security, economic relations, and Italian domestic stability. Their conversation spanned a wide range of geopolitical concerns, including the status of NATO, US policy in Southeast Asia, and the strategic importance of a non-Communist Italy. The two leaders also addressed growing protectionist trade sentiments and the necessity of maintaining market liberalization to prevent an international trade war.","topics":["International Relations","Italian Politics","International Trade","NATO","Cold War Strategy","Vietnam War"],"generatedAt":"2026-04-06T20:53:30.835Z"},"topicSlugs":["international-relations","italian-politics","international-trade","nato","cold-war-strategy","vietnam-war"],"audioDurationSec":4659,"audioFiles":[{"file":"451-007.mp3","bytes":111826441,"durationSec":4659.37,"bitrate":192002,"missing":false}],"audioIsShared":false,"audioProbedAt":"2026-09-18T02:19:47.662Z","audio":["https://nixon.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/audio/451-007.mp3"],"url":"https://www.easynixon.org/tapes/451-007","nixonLibraryUrl":"https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/white-house-tapes/451/conversation-451-007","license":"Public domain (U.S. Government work). AI-generated fields (transcript, aiSummary) are provided as-is without warranty."}