Conversation: 460-023
Prev: 460-022 Next: 460-024Start Date: 26-Feb-1971 4:01 PM
End Date: 26-Feb-1971 5:08 PM
Participants:
Nixon, Richard M. (President); Brandon, Henry; [Unknown person(s)]; Atkins, Oliver F. ("Ollie"); Sanchez, Manolo; Bull, Stephen B.; Kissinger, Henry A.;Recording Device: Oval Office
Full Tape Conversation Start Time: 02:32:36
Full Tape Conversation End Time: 03:42:15
NARA Description:
On February 26, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Henry Brandon, unknown person(s), Oliver F. ("Ollie") Atkins, Manolo Sanchez, Stephen B. Bull, and Henry A. Kissinger met in the Oval Office of the White House from 4:01 pm to 5:08 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 460-023 of the White House Tapes.
Nixon Library Finding Aid:
Conversation No. 460-23
Date: February 26, 1971
Time: 4:01 pm - 5:08 pm
Location: Oval Office
The President met with Henry Brandon
Greetings
Refreshments
-Tea
-Navy coffee
Previous meeting with Brandon
-1960 Presidential campaign
-James B. (“Scotty”) Reston
Brandon’s plans
-Book on Presidency
An unknown person entered at an unknown time after 4:07 pm
Photograph
-Oliver F. (“Ollie”) Atkins
The unknown person left at an unknown time before 5:08 pm
Brandon’s reporting from the United States
-Duration
-Brandon’s view of events
-Internal events
-Foreign policy
Harry S Truman
-Foreign policy
Atkins entered at an unknown time after 4:07 pm
Photographs
Atkins left at an unknown time 5:07 pm
23
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL MATERIALS STAFF
Tape Subject Log
(rev. 9/08)
Truman
-Korean War
-Truman doctrine
-Marshall Plan
Requirements of Presidency
Manolo Sanchez entered at an unknown time after 4:01 pm
Refreshment
Sanchez left at an unknown time before 5:08 pm
Requirements of Presidency
-Ability to solve complex problems
-Winston S. Churchill
-Leadership
-Vietnam
-Middle East
-East/West relations
-Pacific
-People’s Republic of China
-Japan
-Principles
-Basic freedoms
-Guarantees
-Limits of power
-British understanding
-British history
-[Thomas] Woodrow Wilson
-Presidency
-Intellect
-Vocabulary
-Compared to Thomas Jefferson
-Leadership
-Compared to Theodore (“Teddy”) Roosevelt
-Accomplishments
-Leadership
-Policies
-Popular views
24
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL MATERIALS STAFF
Tape Subject Log
(rev. 9/08)
The President’s mentors
-Foreign policy
-President’s view of world
-President’s previous conversation with Admiral Sir Nigel Henderson
-Dwight D. Eisenhower and John Foster Dulles
-Policies of 1950s
-Brinkmanship
-Massive Retaliation Conv. No. 460-23 (cont.)
-Rationale
Cuban Missile Crisis
-John F. Kennedy
-Communists
-Soviet Union
-United States’ policy
-Nuclear parity
-Differences in forces
-Effect
-People’s Republic of China and Soviet Union
North Atlantic Treaty Organization [NATO]
-Need for strength
-Conventional forces
-Rationale
-Changes over time
-President’s view
-Sino/Soviet split
-Eastern Europe
-Examples
-Partnership with Europe
-Changes over time
Complexity of today’s world
-Churchill
-Geopolitical sophistication
-The President’s view
-The Presidency
-Need for flexible and idealistic leadership
-Americans
-Idealistic nature
-People’s Republic of China
-US policy
25
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL MATERIALS STAFF
Tape Subject Log
(rev. 9/08)
-Idealistic nature
-United Nations
-International organizations
-Leaders’ needs
-Sense of history
-Knowledge of real world
-Good organization
-Good overview Conv. No. 460-23 (cont.)
-Sense of priorities
-Wilson
-President’s view
-Roosevelt
-Pragmatism
-Present era
-President’s efforts
-Laos (Lam Son)
-Need for perspective
-National Security Council [NSC] meeting
Vietnam
-President’s position
-Effect on world situation
-Laos (Lam Son)
-Effect on future
-Troop strength
-Need for perspective
-Laos
-Cambodia
-Need for perspective
-Outcome of Vietnam conflict
US foreign policy
-President’s previous conversation with Brandon
-Kennedy policy
-Changes in US foreign policy
-Vietnam
-Korea
-Popular views
-Support for policies
-United States’ world view
-Asia
-Europe
26
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL MATERIALS STAFF
Tape Subject Log
(rev. 9/08)
-Latin America
-Africa
-New Isolationism
-Marshall Plan
-Joseph McCarthy
-Proponents
-Disillusionment
-Democratic movements Conv. No. 460-23 (cont.)
-Concern over domestic problems
-Compared 1940s and 1950s
-Race
-Students
-Korea
-Eisenhower
Isolationism in Europe
-France and Germany
-Great Britain
-Edward R. G. Heath
-Nixon Doctrine
-State of the World message
-Nuclear War
-Changes
US foreign policy
-Demand for independence in developing nations
-Domestic concern
-Military forces
-Effect on foreign policy
-Isolationism
-Blacks
-Indians
-Old Isolationism
-Europe
-New Isolationism
-President’s view
-Communist powers
-Soviet Union
-People’s Republic of China
-Communist expansionist ambitions
-East/West relations
-Strategic Arms Limitation Talks [SALT]
27
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL MATERIALS STAFF
Tape Subject Log
(rev. 9/08)
-Europe’s colonial experience
-United States
-Soviet Union
-People’s Republic of China
-Mao Tse-tung
-Communism
-View of world
-US response Conv. No. 460-23 (cont.)
-Need for West to maintain strength worldwide
Cambodia
-The President’s decision
-November 3 speech
-Role of advisors
-Compared to Laos (Lam Son)
-Failure
-Ground forces
-Bombing
-Rationale
-Public opinion
-Rationale
-Casualties
-North Vietnamese sanctuaries
-Possible overthrow of Cambodian government
-Effect on US troop withdrawal
The President’s use of Camp David
-Decisionmaking
-Foreign policy
-Domestic policy
-Davis-Bacon Act
-Law school training
The President’s decisionmaking techniques
-Role of advisors
-John Quincy and Louisa C. (Johnson) Adams portraits ceremony
-Biography of Abraham Lincoln
-Lincoln’s Administration
-Lyndon B. Johnson’s technique
-Compared to the President’s technique
-Unemotional decisionmaking
-The President’s view
28
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL MATERIALS STAFF
Tape Subject Log
(rev. 9/08)
-Wilson
-Effect of television
Historical view of present administration
-Vietnam
-Environment
-Welfare
-Health Conv. No. 460-23 (cont.)
-Revenue sharing
-Government reorganization
-Reasonable approach to problems
-Media
-President’s previous press conference
-Leslie T. (“Bob”) Hope
-US need for mature leadership
-The Presidency
-Effect of war
-Role in the world
The President’s view of world
-Present problems
Impact of television
-The President
-News summaries
-Walter L. Cronkite, Jr.
-Thomas E. Jarriel
-[Arnold] Eric Sevareid
-Effect on populace
-Compared to previous generations
-Effect on future
-The Presidency
-Press conference
-The President’s image
-Timing
-Questions and answers
-Brandon
-Future press conferences
-The President’s methods and preparations
-Briefings
Stephen B. Bull entered at an unknown time after 4:01 pm
29
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL MATERIALS STAFF
Tape Subject Log
(rev. 9/08)
The President’s schedule
-William P. Rogers
Bull left at an unknown time before 5:08 pm
Press conferences
-Answers to questions Conv. No. 460-23 (cont.)
-Brevity
Vietnam
-US policy for Southeast Asia
-US troop withdrawals
-US policy
-Southeast Asia
-US assistance
-Independence
-Prisoners of War [POWs]
-US troop withdrawals
-Compared to South Korea
-Mutual withdrawal of forces
-South Vietnam
-Laos and Cambodia
-Prospects for future
-Difficulties
-Casualties
-Region
-Press reports
-Army of the Republic of Vietnam [ARVN]
-South Vietnamese
-Roy H. Thomson
-Henry A. Kissinger
-Follow-up meeting with Brandon
The President’s schedule
-Follow-up meeting with Brandon
-Kissinger
[The President talked with Kissinger at an unknown time between 4:01 pm and 5:08 pm]
[Conversation No. 460-23A]
30
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL MATERIALS STAFF
Tape Subject Log
(rev. 9/08)
Follow-up meeting with Brandon
-Schedule
[End of telephone conversation]
Vietnam
-Laos (Lam Son)
-President’s view Conv. No. 460-23 (cont.)
-Compared to Cambodian operation
-Bombing
-Hanoi
Farewells
Brandon left at 5:08 pm