{"conversationCode":"475-019","tapeNumber":475,"conversationNumber":19,"identifier":"37-wht-conversation-475-019","startDateTime":"1971-04-08T18:00:00.000Z","endDateTime":"1971-04-08T18:04:00.000Z","startDate":"8-Apr-1971","startTime":"1:00 PM","endDate":"8-Apr-1971","endTime":"1:04 PM","dateCertainty":"certain","timeCertainty":"estimated","participants":"Nixon, Richard M. (President); Bull, Stephen B.;","description":"On April 8, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Stephen B. Bull met in the Oval Office of the White House at an unknown time between 1:00 pm and 1:04 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 475-019 of the White House Tapes.","locationCode":"OVAL","recordingDevice":"Oval Office","latitudeEstimated":38.8974,"longitudeEstimated":-77.0374,"chronCode":1,"chronRelease":"First Chronological Release","chronReleaseDate":"5-Oct-1999","aogpRelease":null,"aogpSegment":null,"lastModified":"2015-07-27T17:04:10.235Z","findingAid":"Conversation No. 475-19\n\nDate: April 8, 1971\nTime: Unknown between 1:00 pm and 1:04 pm\nLocation: Oval Office\n\nThe President met with Stephen B. Bull\n\n      President’s schedule\n           -Meeting with Herbert G. Klein and Ralph H. Cake\n           -Meeting with Ronald L. Ziegler and students\n           -Texas\n           -Time of meetings\n\nBull left at an unknown time before 1:04 pm","filename":["475-019.mp3"],"tapeStart":"03:16:05","tapeEnd":"03:17:17","participantsList":["Nixon, Richard M. (President)","Bull, Stephen B."],"prevCode":"475-018","nextCode":"475-020","transcript":[{"start":0.03,"end":10.58,"text":"Ziegler has, with him, eight students who work with him."}],"aiSummary":{"text":"President Nixon met with Stephen B. Bull to review and coordinate his upcoming daily schedule. The discussion focused on logistical arrangements for meetings with Herbert G. Klein, Ralph H. Cake, and Ronald Ziegler, who was accompanied by a group of students. The participants confirmed the timing of these engagements and touched upon planned travel arrangements for Texas.","topics":["Presidential scheduling","White House logistics","Ronald Ziegler","Student outreach","Texas travel"],"generatedAt":"2026-04-06T21:36:18.005Z"},"topicSlugs":["presidential-scheduling","white-house-logistics","ronald-ziegler","student-outreach","texas-travel"],"audioDurationSec":39,"audioFiles":[{"file":"475-019.mp3","bytes":949184,"durationSec":39.49,"bitrate":192281,"missing":false}],"audioIsShared":false,"audioProbedAt":"2026-09-18T02:19:48.988Z","audio":["https://nixon.nyc3.digitaloceanspaces.com/audio/475-019.mp3"],"url":"https://www.easynixon.org/tapes/475-019","nixonLibraryUrl":"https://www.nixonlibrary.gov/white-house-tapes/475/conversation-475-019","license":"Public domain (U.S. Government work). AI-generated fields (transcript, aiSummary) are provided as-is without warranty."}