Nixon White House Tapes › Tape 419 › Conversation 419-019
Nixon, Kissinger & Ziegler on Vietnam War and Cease-fire violations
Wednesday, March 14, 1973 · 9:25 AM–9:50 AM ET · Old Executive Office Building · 30 min
AI Summary
President Nixon and Henry Kissinger met to evaluate ongoing cease-fire violations by North Vietnam and determine the appropriate U.S. response. They discussed potential retaliatory measures, including the threat of renewed bombing, while balancing domestic political concerns and the need to ensure the viability of the South Vietnamese government. Additionally, they reviewed reports from recently released POWs regarding their treatment and the psychological impact of U.S. bombing campaigns on their captors, ultimately reaffirming the need for a firm posture against North Vietnamese aggression.
- Vietnam War
- Cease-fire violations
- POWs
- Henry Kissinger
- Foreign policy
- Military strategy
Audio
Transcript (AI-generated)
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NARA Description
On March 14, 1973, President Richard M. Nixon, Henry A. Kissinger, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 9:25 am to 9:50 am. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 419-019 of the White House Tapes.
Nixon Library Finding Aid
Conversation No. 419-19
Date: March 14, 1973
Time: 9:25 am - 9:50 am
Location: Executive Office Building
The President met with Henry A. Kissinger.
H. R. (“Bob”) Haldeman
Press relations
-Announcement
-Arrival
-Ronald L. Ziegler
-Kissinger’s proofing
Vietnam
-Cease-fire violations
-President's statement
-Compliance with cease-fire provisions
-Enforcement options
-21-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 419-19 (cont’d)
-South Vietnam
-Cease-fire
-US accomplishments
-Strength of forces
-Non-Communist government
-North Vietnam
-Cease-fire violations
-Re-armament with artillery
-US action
-Timing
-Cease-fire agreement
-Reasons
-US bombing, mining halt
-Cease-fire violations
-Reasons
-Effects of US bombing
-US resolve
-Renewed offensive
-North Vietnam’s offensive
-Impact on US
-Criticism of President’s policies
-Peace movement
-“Peace with honor”
-Prisoners of war [POWs] repatriation
-Domestic policy
-Foreign policy
-Public opinion
-POWs
-Support for President’s policies
-US retaliation
-Public opinion
-Violations
-Aid to North Vietnam
-Cancellation
-Publicity campaign
-Impact on offensive
-Timing
-22-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 419-19 (cont’d)
-Viability of South Vietnam
-Need for US engagement
-President’s political position
-Peace settlement
-Negotiations
-December 1972 bombing
-Criticism
-Eugene J. McCarthy
-Peace settlement
-POWs
-US withdrawal
-Criticism
-Violations
-Joseph W. Alsop’s column
-Cease-fire violations
-Press statement
-Tone
-Bellicosity
-US messages to North Vietnam
-Escalation of threat
-Press statement
-US concern
-Condonement
-North Vietnam’s compliance
-US messages to People’s Republic of China [PRC], Union of Soviet
Socialist Republics [USSR]
-US bombing
Aid to Pakistan
-Release
-Publicity
-President’s statement
-State Department
-Reactions
-Indira Gandhi
-Kissinger’s cable to Daniel P. (“Pat”) Moynihan
-India
-Purchase of materials
-23-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 419-19 (cont’d)
Vietnam
-Impact of war on US
-Kissinger’s negotiations
-Bombing
-Withdrawal
-Compared to France’s withdrawal from Algeria
-Gen. Charles A. J. M. deGaulle
-Nationalization of France’s holdings
-Compared to South Vietnam
-France’s citizens
-Impact of war on South Vietnam
-Vietnamization
-Self-determination
-Self-defense
-President’s policies
-Effectiveness
-Choices
-Kissinger’s cable from Paris
-December 1972
-POWs for withdrawal
-South Vietnam’s viability
-Public attitude
-“Peace with honor”
-Concern for cease-fire violations
-Response to fall of South Vietnam
-US actions
-Defense Department
-Air strikes in Cambodia
-Plantations
-Chup Plantation
-President’s call to Adm. Thomas H. Moorer
-Report
-Air strikes in Cambodia
-Chup Plantation
-Kissinger’s message from President
-Civilians
-Problem
-24-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 419-19 (cont’d)
-Cambodia
-1971 Chup Plantation operation
-Defense
-Installations
-Air strikes in Cambodia
-Decision
-Defense Department
-Lon Nol
-Request
-US ambassador’s role
-Ho Chi Minh Trail
-US air strikes
-Impact on North Vietnam
-POW repatriation
-Kissinger’s opinion
-Notification
-Delay
US message to North Vietnam
-Cease-fire violations
-North Vietnam’s military operation
-Consequences
-US resolve
-POWs
-Experience in prison
-Solitary confinement, torture
-Capt. Jeremiah A. Denton, Jr.
-Col. Robinson Risner
-Non-verbal communication
-Change in conditions in 1969
-Major [first name unknown] Bai
-Relocation
-Group housing
-1968 US election [?]
-Denton and Risner
-Fear of President
-Charges of misconduct
-Volunteering information
-Political impact
-25-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 419-19 (cont’d)
-Support for Vietnam aid
-Effect of atrocity stories
-Justification
-Denton and Risner
-PRC, USSR
-Compliance with cease-fire agreement
-North Vietnam
Ronald L. Ziegler entered at an unknown time after 9:25 am.
President's schedule
Ziegler left at an unknown time before 9:50 am.
Vietnam
-Aid to North Vietnam
-North Vietnam presence in Laos, Cambodia
-Infiltration
-POWs
-Denton and Risner’s meeting with President
-Raid on Son Tay prison in North Vietnam
-“Operation Draft”
-Reaction to December 1972 bombing
-B-52s compared to jet fighters
-Fear among North Vietnamese
-December 21, 1972 bombing resumption
-North Vietnamese prison guards
-Support for President’s policies
-Skill of US pilots
-Shock
-Visit from high-level North Vietnamese official
-Denton and Risner [?]
-Treatment
-Good relations with US
-Kissinger’s trip to Hanoi
-President’s possible trip to Hanoi
-Bombing
-Effect of B-52 use
-26-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 419-19 (cont’d)
-Shock
-Caution
-Normalization of relations
-Infiltration
-North Vietnam’s desire and necessity
-Risk of protracted war
-“Agreement on ending the war and restoring peace in Vietnam”
-Value
-Adherence
-Commitment of North Vietnam
-Spring military offensive
-Effect on publicity
-Impact on US-USSR summit
-Anatoliy F. Dobrynin
-President’s political position
-Warning regarding offensive
-Jeopardy
-Opportunity regarding critics
-President’s press conference [?]
-Hanoi statements
-Barry M. Goldwater, Sr.
Kissinger’s schedule
-David K. E. Bruce
-Meeting with Dobrynin
-Meeting with President
-Foreign policy
-Conversation with William P. Rogers
-Bruce
Kissinger left at 9:50 am.Also recorded on March 14, 1973
- 037-097 8:36 AM · 19 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and the White House operator talked on the telephone at 8:36 am.
- 037-098 8:36 AM · 16 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and the White House operator talked on the telephone at an unknown time between 8:36 am and 8:55 am.
- 037-099 8:55 AM · 4 min — President Richard M. Nixon and John W. Dean, III talked on the telephone from 8:55 am to 8:59 am.
- 419-015 8:55 AM · 4 min — President Richard M. Nixon and John W. Dean, III met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 8:55 am to 8:59 am.
- 419-016 8:59 AM · 10 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and Manolo Sanchez met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 8:59 am and 9:25 am.
- 419-017 8:59 AM · 9 min — President Richard M. Nixon met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 8:59 am and 9:25 am.
- 419-018 8:59 AM · 5 min — President Richard M. Nixon met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 8:59 am and 9:25 am.
- 419-020 9:50 AM · 54 min — President Richard M. Nixon, Ronald L. Ziegler, John W. Dean, III, Richard A. Moore, and Stephen B. Bull met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 9:50 am and 10:50 am.
Cite this conversation
Conversation 419-019, March 14, 1973. White House Tapes, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, National Archives. Audio and AI transcript via Easy Nixon, https://www.easynixon.org/tapes/419-019 (accessed October 5, 2026).