Nixon White House Tapes › Tape 438 › Conversation 438-015
Nixon, Buzhardt & Ziegler on Watergate and White House public relations
Thursday, May 17, 1973 · 3:11 PM–3:43 PM ET · Old Executive Office Building · 29 min
AI Summary
President Nixon met with J. Fred Buzhardt, Jr. and Ronald L. Ziegler to develop a public relations strategy for countering the mounting pressure of the Watergate investigation. The President focused on shifting the narrative by emphasizing past threats against his family and administration, drawing parallels between current political opposition and historical radical movements. Nixon instructed his aides to compile data on violent demonstrations and security leaks to build a 'White Paper' or potential speech that would frame his actions as necessary for national security and the protection of society.
- Watergate
- White House public relations
- National security
- Political strategy
- Protests and civil unrest
Audio
Transcript (AI-generated)
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NARA Description
On May 17, 1973, President Richard M. Nixon, J. Fred Buzhardt, Jr., and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 3:11 pm to 3:43 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 438-015 of the White House Tapes.
Nixon Library Finding Aid
Conversation No. 438-15
Date: May 17, 1973
Time: 3:11 pm - 3:43 pm
Location: Old Executive Office Building
The President talked with J. Fred Buzhardt, Jr.
[Conversation No. 438-15A]
[Begin telephone conversation]
[See Conversation No. 46-98]
Ronald L. Ziegler entered at 3:15 pm.
[End telephone conversation]
Thomas G. Eagleton
-Allegations in letter
-White House response
-President’s earlier meeting with Buzhardt and Alexander M. Haig, Jr.
-President’s knowledge
-Possible actions
-H. R. (“Bob”) Haldeman, John D. Ehrlichman, and John W. Dean, III
-Possible White House response to unknown doctor’s letter
-Henry E. Petersen
-Psychiatry
-Ziegler’s research
-Mayo Clinic
-Extent of public knowledge
-Psychiatric hospital
Watergate
-Dean
-Access to Federal Bureau of Investigation [FBI] interviews
-Possible White House statement
-9-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 438-15 (cont’d)
President’s orders
-John V. Brennan
-Thoroughness
-Bureaucracy
-United States Secret Service [USSS]
-Open files
-Threats against the First Family, President
-Ziegler’s report
-Camp David
-Computers
-Technicians
-Set-up
-Records
-Violent demonstrations
-Full reports
-Attack on the President’s car during inauguration
-Disclosure of attack
- President’s previous request
-Camp David
Ziegler’s conversation with Howard K. Smith
-President’s schedule
-Smith’s commentaries on President’s record
-Edward J. Gurney
-Treatment of Jeb S[tuart] Magruder
President’s investigation of Alger Hiss
-Compared to Ervin Committee
-Questions
-Appearance to public
President’s orders to Rose Mary Woods
-Mail to President
-Distribution to White House staff
-Haig, Ziegler
-Morale
-10-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 438-15 (cont’d)
Eagleton’s medical history
-Charges against President
-[San Clemente]
-White House handling of allegations
-Concerns of Haig and Haldeman
-Lyndon K. (“Mort”) Allin
Watergate
-President’s possible television [TV] speech
-Buzhardt’s view
-Dean
-Documents
-Howard K. Smith’s and Stewart J. O. Alsop’s views
-President’s possible TV speech
-Possible White Paper
-Dean
-Documents
-Possible news coverage
-Knowledge of Huston Plan
-National security
-President’s press conference
-Leonard Garment
-Raymond K. Price, Jr.
-President’s opponents
-Changing tactics
-Press
-Congress
-Samuel J. Ervin
-White House response
-Tactical reasons
-Speech
-White Paper
-Patrick J. Buchanan
-White Paper
-Threats against the First Family, President
-Numbers of demonstrators
-11-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 438-15 (cont’d)
-Washington Post
-Anti-war
-President’s response to threats
-Compared to Franklin D. Roosevelt and Robert F. (“Bobby”)
Kennedy during World War II
-Attorney General
-FBI figures
-Press conference
-J. Edgar Hoover
-Theme
-Radical groups
-Threats to Silent Majority
-Protection of society
-Support from embassies
-Local groups
-Investigation
-National Security Council [NSC]
-Investigations at President’s order
-Staff
-State Department
-Defense Department
-Central Intelligence Agency [CIA]
-FBI
-Compared to Pentagon Papers
-Threats to United States foreign policy
-Peace initiatives
-Soviet Union
-People’s Republic of China [PRC]
-Strategic Arms Limitation Talks [SALT]
-White House response
-Ziegler at press conference
-White Paper
-Buchanan
-Press conference
-Ziegler’s opinion
-Public support
-George H. W. Bush
-12-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation No. 438-15 (cont’d)
-White Paper
-Speech
-President’s previous meetings
-Desire for peace
-Spiro T. Agnew
-White House response
-President’s possible actions
-Press conference compared to speech
-Dean
-Possible activities
-Ziegler’s opinion of Dean
-President’s opinion of Dean
-Credibility
-Ervin
-Gurney
-Actions
-Robert C. Odel, Jr. [?]
-Prosecutors
President’s speech on Election Reform Commission
-Press coverage
-Newspapers
-TV
-Washington Star [?]
Brennan
-Conversation with Ziegler
-[USSS report on threats against the First Family, President]
Ziegler left at 3:43 pm.
-13-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUMAlso recorded on May 17, 1973
- 046-096 3:05 PM · 1 min — President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler talked on the telephone from 3:05 pm to 3:06 pm.
- 438-012 3:05 PM · 1 min — President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 3:05 pm to 3:06 pm.
- 046-097 3:06 PM · 12 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and White House operator talked on the telephone at an unknown time between 3:06 pm and 3:11 pm.
- 438-013 3:06 PM · 3 min — President Richard M. Nixon and Alexander M. Haig, Jr. met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 3:06 pm and 3:11 pm.
- 438-014 3:06 PM · 10 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and White House operator met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 3:06 pm and 3:11 pm.
- 046-098 3:11 PM · 5 min — President Richard M. Nixon, J. Fred Buzhardt, Jr., and Ronald L. Ziegler talked on the telephone from 3:11 pm to 3:16 pm.
- 046-099 3:43 PM · 14 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and White House operator talked on the telephone at an unknown time between 3:43 pm and 3:53 pm.
- 438-016 3:43 PM · 55 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and Stephen B. Bull met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 3:43 pm and 3:53 pm.
Cite this conversation
Conversation 438-015, May 17, 1973. White House Tapes, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, National Archives. Audio and AI transcript via Easy Nixon, https://www.easynixon.org/tapes/438-015 (accessed October 12, 2026).