Nixon White House Tapes › Tape 439 › Conversation 439-022
Nixon, Ziegler & Haig on Watergate and White Paper
Monday, May 21, 1973 · 4:55 PM–5:25 PM ET · Old Executive Office Building · 26 min
AI Summary
President Nixon, Ronald Ziegler, and Alexander Haig met to refine the language of a forthcoming White House "White Paper" intended to address the ongoing Watergate investigation. The President focused on carefully phrasing his lack of prior knowledge regarding illegal activities or hush-money payments, while simultaneously attempting to frame his actions within the context of protecting national security operations. They discussed the necessity of maintaining a firm public stance against the congressional inquiries, with Nixon emphasizing the importance of "fighting" back to avoid the political and international consequences of appearing weak.
- Watergate
- White Paper
- National Security
- White House response
- John W. Dean
- Political strategy
Audio
Transcript (AI-generated)
This transcript is incomplete. The transcription skipped stretches of speech — roughly 5 minutes of this recording (about 19% of it) is represented by only a few words. Listen to the audio rather than relying on the text below; a corrected transcript is queued.
This transcript was generated automatically by AI (WhisperX) and has not been reviewed for accuracy. Names and numbers are often wrong; speakers are not identified. Do not cite it as authoritative — verify against the audio and the finding aid.
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NARA Description
On May 21, 1973, President Richard M. Nixon, Ronald L. Ziegler, unknown person(s), Alexander M. Haig, Jr., and Manolo Sanchez met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 4:55 pm to 5:25 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 439-022 of the White House Tapes.
Nixon Library Finding Aid
Conversation No. 439-22
Date: May 21, 1973
Time: 4:55 pm - 5:25 pm
Location: Old Executive Office Building
President met with Ronald L. Ziegler.
Watergate
-White House response
-Forthcoming White Paper [statements about Watergate investigation,
May 22, 1973]
-Content and phraseology
-Funds for defendants
-17-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation 439-22 (cont’d)
-President’s conversation with John W. Dean III,
March 21
-E. Howard Hunt, Jr.’s demand
-Federal Bureau of Investigation [FBI] files
-Story regarding G. Gordon Liddy, May 21
-White House response
-Forthcoming White Paper
-Content and phraseology
-Funds for defendants
-Dean’s conversations at White House
-John D. Ehrlichman
An unknown person entered at an unknown time after 4:55 pm.
Refreshment
The unknown person left at an unknown time before 5:16 pm.
Watergate
-White House response
-Forthcoming White Paper
-Content and phraseology
-President’s investigation
-President’s conversation with L[oius] Patrick Gray, III
-Gray’s conversation with Lt. Gen. Vernon A.
Walters
-FBI investigation
-National security
-President’s influence on investigation
-Clemency
-Funds for defendants
-Campaign practices
-President’s knowledge and approval of activities
-Special investigating unit
-National security
-President’s responsibility
-President’s speech, April 30
-18-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation 439-22 (cont’d)
-President’s handling of resignations of H. R. (“Bob”) Haldeman and
Ehrlichman
-President’s speech, April 30
-Effect
-Forthcoming White Paper
-Tactics
-President’s schedule
-Forthcoming White Paper
-Preparation
Alexander M. Haig, Jr. entered at 5:16 pm.
Haig’s previous meeting with economists
-Energy
Watergate
-White House response
-Forthcoming White Paper
-Preparation
-President’s schedule
-Ervin Committee hearings
-James W. McCord’s forthcoming testimony
-Leonard Garment, Ziegler
Manolo Sanchez entered at an unknown time after 5:16 pm.
President’s schedule
-Sequoia
Sanchez left at an unknown time before 5:25 pm.
Watergate
-White House response
-Compared to Lyndon B. Johnson’s 1964 campaign
-White House response
-Prospects for success
-Congress
-19-
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY AND MUSEUM
Conversation 439-22 (cont’d)
-Possible effects
-Soviet Union
-United States
-Forthcoming White Paper
-Content and phraseology
-Funds for defendants
-President’s knowledge
-Haldeman
-$350,000
-President’s investigation
Haig’s schedule
Ziegler and Haig left at 5:25 pm.Also recorded on May 21, 1973
- 439-020 4:25 PM · 13 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and unknown person(s) met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 4:25 pm to 4:26 pm.
- 439-021 4:26 PM · 15 min — President Richard M. Nixon and J. Fred Buzhardt, Jr. met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 4:26 pm to 4:40 pm.
- 046-129 5:25 PM · 10 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and White House operator talked on the telephone at 5:25 pm.
- 046-130 5:25 PM · 23 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and Thelma C. ("Pat") (Ryan) Nixon talked on the telephone at 5:25 pm.
- 046-131 5:25 PM · 12 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and White House operator talked on the telephone at an unknown time between 5:25 pm and 5:28 pm.
- 439-023 5:25 PM · 10 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and White House operator met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at 5:25 pm.
- 439-024 5:25 PM · 22 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and Thelma C. ("Pat") (Ryan) Nixon met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at 5:25 pm.
- 439-025 5:25 PM · 10 sec — President Richard M. Nixon and White House operator met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 5:25 pm and 5:28 pm.
Cite this conversation
Conversation 439-022, May 21, 1973. White House Tapes, Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, National Archives. Audio and AI transcript via Easy Nixon, https://www.easynixon.org/tapes/439-022 (accessed October 12, 2026).