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Nixon, Richard M. (President)

Richard M. Nixon served as the 37th President of the United States from January 1969 until his resignation in August 1974. In February 1971, he ordered the installation of a secret voice-activated taping system in the White House to preserve a historical record of his administration. Until the system's existence was revealed and dismantled in July 1973, the tapes captured Nixon directing major foreign policy initiatives, such as the opening to China, as well as his central role in the Watergate cover-up.

President of the United States (January 1969 – August 1974)

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Nixon, Richard M. (President)

White House operations 4,718Presidential scheduling 2,225Public relations 1,784Presidential schedule 1,782Vietnam War 1,693Logistics 1,650Manolo Sanchez 1,626White House communications 1,400White House administration 1,399Presidential communication 1,243Henry Kissinger 1,191Foreign Policy 1,183

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April 28, 1973 · with Sanchez

President Nixon met with his personal aide, Manolo Sanchez, to discuss upcoming travel logistics and the welfare of his pet dog. The conversation covered helicopter transport arrangements and specific concerns regarding the dog's health, including a skin rash and ongoing housebreaking efforts. The pair also exchanged brief comments regarding personal acquaintances in Florida and the status of certain programs.

April 28, 1973 · with Sanchez

President Nixon met with his personal valet, Manolo Sanchez, in the Old Executive Office Building to discuss routine personal matters. Their conversation centered on the President's upcoming schedule and the care of his Irish Setter, King Timahoe. No major policy decisions or significant historical developments were addressed during this brief interaction.

April 28, 1973

President Nixon met with an unidentified male visitor in his Old Executive Office Building office during the evening hours. The meeting occurred amidst the President's scheduled engagements, which included a brief interaction with an individual identified as a secretary. Due to the lack of an available transcript, the specific substance of the discussion remains undocumented.

April 28, 1973 · with Ziegler

President Nixon and Ronald Ziegler discussed managing the intensifying Watergate scandal and the White House's public relations strategy while navigating impending Grand Jury indictments. The President emphasized his commitment to "rooting out" wrongdoing and directed Ziegler to maintain a strong, defiant posture, framing the situation as a necessary cleaning of the house rather than a cover-up. They also strategized on how to handle potential testimony from individuals like E. Howard Hunt, maintained a firm stance on granting immunity, and began preparing themes for an upcoming presidential address to reassure the public and preserve the prestige of the presidency.

April 28, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon initiated a brief administrative call to the Camp David operator to request a telephone connection. He specifically directed the operator to place a call to H. R. “Bob” Haldeman. The interaction served as a logistical step to facilitate direct communication with his Chief of Staff.

April 28, 1973 · with Haldeman

President Nixon and H. R. Haldeman discuss the escalating Watergate crisis, specifically focusing on the timing of their impending resignation leaves and the President’s forthcoming national address. Nixon seeks to maintain distance from legal negotiations involving John Dean and considers proposing that Attorney General William P. Rogers take charge of a special investigation to restore public confidence. They also review the handling of sensitive White House documents and the importance of appearing resilient and in control amid mounting political pressure.

April 28, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to initiate a telephone call to Secretary of State William P. Rogers. This brief exchange served exclusively as a logistical step to establish communication with the Secretary. No substantive policy matters or further decisions were discussed during this interaction.

April 28, 1973 · with Rogers

President Nixon consulted with Secretary of State William P. Rogers to coordinate a strategy for responding to the escalating Watergate scandal and to arrange a meeting at Camp David. Nixon informed Rogers that H.R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman were preparing to resign and that he intended to remove John Dean from his position. The President further outlined his plan to deliver a televised address to assure the public that his administration was actively investigating the matter and remaining in control.

April 28, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to facilitate an outgoing telephone call. The sole purpose of the exchange was to request a connection to Stephen B. Bull. No further substantive policy or political discussions took place during this brief administrative interaction.

April 28, 1973 · with Bull

President Nixon directs his aide, Stephen B. Bull, to coordinate the transportation of Secretary of State William P. Rogers to Camp David for a private meeting. The logistics involve arranging a military helicopter to transport Rogers from a helipad near his residence in Bethesda to the designated landing site at Thurmont. Bull is instructed to finalize these details promptly and report back to the President with an estimated arrival time to facilitate scheduling.

April 28, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to facilitate an urgent telephone connection with Assistant Attorney General Henry E. Petersen. This interaction was strictly logistical, serving as an administrative step to initiate a high-level discussion regarding the ongoing legal and political developments of the era. No policy decisions were discussed during this brief exchange, which functioned solely to bridge the communication link.

April 28, 1973 · with Petersen

President Nixon and Assistant Attorney General Henry Petersen discussed the ongoing Watergate investigation, specifically focusing on the potential granting of immunity to John Dean and the administration's need to maintain credibility. Nixon reiterated his decision not to meet with Dean, deferring all prosecutorial discretion regarding immunity and plea bargaining to Petersen to ensure an unbiased pursuit of the truth. Additionally, they reviewed the status of the Ellsberg trial and explored the possibility of appointing a respected outsider, such as John McCloy, to oversee key decisions alongside Justice Department officials to alleviate public concerns.

April 28, 1973 · with Bull

Stephen B. Bull contacted President Nixon to provide an update regarding the arrival time of Secretary of State William P. Rogers at Camp David. The brief communication served to coordinate logistics for the Secretary's upcoming visit. No further policy or administrative decisions were reached during this exchange.

April 28, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to request a telephone connection with Press Secretary Ronald L. Ziegler. This routine communication facilitated administrative coordination while the President was working from the Camp David study. The call served as a brief logistical step to initiate a conversation with his senior staff.

April 28, 1973 · with Ziegler

President Nixon and Press Secretary Ronald Ziegler discussed a strategic plan to manage the mounting Watergate crisis ahead of a forthcoming presidential speech. Ziegler proposed that Nixon appoint William P. Rogers as Attorney General to lead the Justice Department, arguing this move would provide a "masterstroke" that separates the President from the ongoing investigation. The pair also coordinated the handling of H.R. Haldeman, John Ehrlichman, and John Dean, focusing on the implementation of forced leaves of absence to stabilize the administration while maintaining the President's personal defense against allegations.

April 28, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to facilitate a meeting with Secretary of State William P. Rogers. The President requested that Rogers be summoned from the Laurel cabin to his current location. This brief exchange served exclusively as a logistical coordination to arrange a direct consultation between the two officials.

April 28, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon instructed the Camp David operator to facilitate a conference call between Secretary of State William P. Rogers and Elliot L. Richardson. The request served to connect the two Cabinet members for official communication. This administrative coordination was part of the President's ongoing management of his senior staff during a period of high-level government transitions.

April 28, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to facilitate an outgoing call to Press Secretary Ronald L. Ziegler. The brief interaction served as a logistical bridge to initiate official communication between the President and his top spokesperson. No substantive policy matters were discussed during this brief administrative request.

April 28, 1973 · with Ziegler

President Nixon and Ronald Ziegler consulted on the impending resignations of top aides H.R. Haldeman, John Ehrlichman, and John Dean in the wake of the Watergate scandal. Nixon discussed implementing a new administrative strategy that emphasized his own direct leadership while managing the fallout from emerging reports regarding the 'Plumbers' activities, including the Pentagon Papers break-in and forged diplomatic cables. The President also evaluated a potential plan—proposed via Secretary of State William Rogers—to require Dean's resignation if he sought amnesty for his testimony, contrasting this with the voluntary cooperation of Haldeman and Ehrlichman.

April 28, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon instructed the Camp David operator to initiate a telephone call to his Chief of Staff, H. R. Haldeman. The President explicitly directed the operator to ensure Haldeman remained available for the connection. This brief exchange served solely to facilitate direct communication between the President and a key advisor during the ongoing political turmoil of the period.

April 28, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to locate H. R. Haldeman, who was unavailable due to personal activities. After learning of Haldeman's absence, the President requested that the call be patched through to John D. Ehrlichman instead. This exchange highlights the administration's communication protocols during a period of high internal pressure.

April 28, 1973 · with Ehrlichman

President Nixon and John Ehrlichman discussed the strategic handling of the Watergate scandal, specifically addressing the impending departure of John Dean and the potential legal exposure related to White House "plumbers" operations. They evaluated the political necessity of Ehrlichman and H.R. Haldeman taking a leave of absence to create a clear separation from the scandal and prepare for an upcoming public address by the President. During the conversation, Nixon probed Ehrlichman about his involvement in, and knowledge of, unauthorized activities and questionable intelligence operations—including alleged fabricated documents involving the Kennedy administration—while also coordinating on how to manage communications with the Attorney General and legal counsel.

April 28, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to inquire about the whereabouts of Press Secretary Ronald L. Ziegler. The brief administrative exchange focused on locating Ziegler to facilitate communication between the President and his press office. No further policy discussions or significant decisions occurred during this brief request for assistance.

April 28, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon consulted with the Camp David operator to coordinate logistics and communication with his staff. He requested updates on Press Secretary Ronald L. Ziegler’s travel status and directed the operator to initiate a telephone call with Assistant Attorney General Henry E. Petersen. These directives reflect the President's efforts to manage administrative communications while stationed at Camp David.

April 29, 1973 · with Petersen

President Nixon consulted with Assistant Attorney General Henry E. Petersen regarding the legal status of potential immunity for John Dean, specifically inquiring whether preliminary discussions between prosecutors and Dean's legal counsel had created "immunity by estoppel." Nixon expressed concern that Dean might invoke the Fifth Amendment during upcoming legal proceedings in New York, clarifying that he would not permit any White House staffer on leave to maintain their position if they refused to testify freely. Petersen confirmed that no formal or estoppel-based immunity had been granted, and he was tasked with providing the President with an update on Dean's status and testimony plans on the following Monday.

April 29, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to facilitate a telephone connection with his Press Secretary, Ronald L. Ziegler. The brief exchange served purely administrative purposes, as the President requested assistance in establishing communication with a key member of his staff. No substantive policy discussions or major developments occurred during this brief interaction.

April 29, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to facilitate a telephone connection with his National Security Advisor, Henry Kissinger. This brief interaction served solely as an administrative request to reach Kissinger for official consultation. No further policy discussions or significant substantive developments occurred during this short exchange.

April 29, 1973 · with Kissinger

President Nixon and Henry Kissinger spoke via telephone to discuss the ongoing political damage caused by the Watergate scandal and strategies for managing the fallout. Nixon expressed his intent to replace Attorney General Richard Kleindienst with Elliot Richardson and to appoint a new, aggressive FBI director to restore order. The President also emphasized that any past FBI surveillance related to national security leaks—specifically concerning the Daniel Ellsberg case—must be staunchly defended as a necessary executive action.

April 29, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to initiate an urgent telephone connection with Secretary of State William P. Rogers. This brief administrative interaction served as the necessary step to facilitate a direct communication line between the President and his top diplomat. No further substantive discussion occurred during this exchange.

April 29, 1973 · with Rogers & Ziegler

President Nixon consulted Secretary of State William P. Rogers regarding the strategic management of the Watergate scandal, specifically focusing on the necessary resignations of H.R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman. Nixon sought Rogers's advice on how to handle the duo's apparent reluctance to leave, ultimately concluding that their continued presence hindered government operations and that full resignations were unavoidable. Additionally, they discussed the upcoming public announcement regarding the appointment of a new FBI director and the oversight of the ongoing investigation.

April 29, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to facilitate a telephone connection with Secretary of State William P. Rogers. This call was initiated to establish communication between the President and his top diplomat while Nixon was stationed at Camp David. The interaction served exclusively as a logistical step to coordinate the official consultation.

April 29, 1973 · with Rogers & Ziegler

President Nixon consulted with Secretary of State William P. Rogers regarding the impending resignations of H.R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman amid the deepening Watergate scandal. Rogers advised Nixon against attending the meeting with his aides to maintain distance and credibility, recommending instead that the President present the resignations as a firm, unilateral decision rather than a matter for negotiation. The conversation concluded with an agreement that the two aides should resign voluntarily to maintain the 'high ground' while John W. Dean would be dismissed separately, allowing Nixon to distance himself from the scandal's fallout.

April 29, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to facilitate a telephone connection with H. R. Haldeman. This brief administrative interaction served as an intermediary step to establish direct communication with his Chief of Staff. No further substantive policy matters were discussed during this brief exchange.

April 29, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon communicated with the Camp David operator to follow up on a pending call request from H. R. Haldeman. The operator informed the President that Haldeman was currently at church but expected to return shortly. It was decided that the operator would await Haldeman’s return so that he could initiate a return call to the President.

April 29, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to facilitate a telephone connection with Secretary of State William P. Rogers. This brief administrative interaction served as a logistical step to initiate a high-level discussion between the President and his top diplomat. No further substantive policy matters were discussed during this short exchange.

April 29, 1973 · with Rogers

President Nixon requested Secretary of State William P. Rogers to travel to Camp David to review and provide editorial feedback on a draft of his forthcoming address regarding the Watergate scandal. Nixon tasked speechwriter Raymond K. Price, Jr. with preparing the draft and sought Rogers's input, explicitly referencing Rogers's prior assistance during the 1952 Checkers fund crisis. The two agreed that Rogers would arrive at 5:00 p.m. to review the document and offer suggestions to strengthen the President's public response.

April 29, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to facilitate an outgoing telephone call to White House Press Secretary Ronald L. Ziegler. The interaction was limited to this administrative request to connect the two parties. No further substantive policy matters or strategic discussions occurred during this brief communication.

April 29, 1973 · with Ziegler

President Nixon and Press Secretary Ronald Ziegler strategize on the public framing of the resignations of H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman. They aim to draft resignation letters that pivot away from a mere leave of absence to account for the prolonged uncertainty surrounding the upcoming Ervin Committee hearings. By emphasizing the aides' confidence in their eventual exoneration, Nixon seeks to manage the political optics of the departures.

April 29, 1973 · with Ziegler

Press Secretary Ronald Ziegler briefs President Nixon on his efforts to secure the resignations of H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman. Ziegler confirms that while Haldeman has agreed to comply with the President's decision, he anticipates greater resistance from Ehrlichman and intends to coordinate the process during an upcoming helicopter ride. The two men also discuss the logistical challenge of ensuring the departing aides have sufficient financial support during their transition.

April 30, 1973 · with Rebozo

President Nixon and close confidant Bebe Rebozo discuss the President's intense personal distress following the resignations of top aides H.R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman amid the Watergate scandal. The two men reflect on the overwhelming public support Nixon has received, while the President contemplates the emotional toll of the situation and his upcoming televised address. To cope with the crisis, Nixon plans a brief retreat to Florida, arranging for Rebozo to join him after the broadcast to provide personal support.

April 30, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon initiated a brief telephone request through the Camp David operator to speak with his personal secretary, Rose Mary Woods. The primary purpose of the communication was to establish contact with his office during his stay at Camp David. No other substantive policy or political matters were discussed during this short administrative interaction.

April 30, 1973 · with Woods

President Nixon instructed his personal secretary, Rose Mary Woods, to coordinate the preparation of a typed version of his upcoming Watergate address. Woods confirmed that she had already forwarded a draft to the President that was difficult to read, prompting Nixon to direct her to send the document to speechwriter Raymond K. Price, Jr. for transcription. This brief exchange highlights the urgent logistical efforts to finalize the text for the President's public statement regarding the unfolding scandal.

April 30, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon initiated a brief telephone request through the Camp David operator to be connected with White House Press Secretary Ronald L. Ziegler. The call served as a logistical step to facilitate direct communication with his press office. No further substantive policy discussions occurred during this brief exchange.

April 30, 1973 · with Ziegler

President Nixon and Press Secretary Ronald Ziegler coordinate the public announcement of the resignations of H. R. Haldeman, John Ehrlichman, John Dean, and Richard Kleindienst amid the escalating Watergate scandal. They discuss the importance of maintaining a calm, confident tone for the President’s upcoming televised address and finalize logistical details, including the appointment of Elliot Richardson and the status of Leonard Garment as interim counsel. Additionally, Nixon expresses his need to step away from the White House for a brief period to recover, despite concerns regarding how the press might perceive such an absence.

April 30, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to facilitate an outgoing telephone call. The brief exchange was limited to Nixon requesting to be connected with Stephen B. Bull. No further substantive policy or administrative matters were discussed during this request.

April 30, 1973 · with Bull

President Nixon and Stephen B. Bull reviewed the presidential schedule for the remainder of the week to facilitate a potential trip to Florida. They discussed consolidating various congressional and policy meetings, including the Labor Management Advisory Board, to clear the President's calendar by Thursday noon. Nixon requested the inclusion of a short Cabinet meeting and a session with the White House staff before his departure.

April 30, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to facilitate an official communication. He requested a telephone connection with his speechwriter, Raymond K. Price, Jr. No other substantive matters were discussed during this brief administrative exchange.

April 30, 1973 · with Price

President Nixon and speechwriter Raymond Price discuss the drafting of a presidential address intended to respond to the Watergate scandal. Nixon emphasizes his desire for a conversational, sincere tone that accepts executive responsibility for his subordinates' actions while simultaneously asserting his determination to root out the truth. The two men also evaluate the appointment of Elliot Richardson as a critical move to restore public trust, agreeing that his reputation for integrity will effectively oversee the necessary investigations.

April 30, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to place a telephone call to Secretary of State William P. Rogers. Upon learning that Rogers was currently testifying before a Senate committee, the President instructed the operator not to interrupt him. No further substantive business was conducted during this brief administrative exchange.

April 30, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to facilitate an urgent communication with his aide, Stephen B. Bull. This brief administrative interaction served as a logistical step to bridge the President to his staff during his retreat. No substantive policy matters were discussed beyond the coordination of this internal request.

April 30, 1973 · with Bull

President Nixon contacted Stephen B. Bull to monitor the progress of Press Secretary Ronald L. Ziegler’s current press briefing. Upon being informed that the briefing was underway, the President instructed Bull to have Ziegler call him immediately after the event concluded. This brief interaction served to maintain direct communication with his communications team during a period of intense public scrutiny.

April 30, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon instructed the Camp David operator to summon speechwriter Raymond K. Price, Jr. to the study table. This brief directive served to coordinate a meeting between the President and Price at the presidential retreat. The primary action item was the immediate logistics of bringing Price to the President's location for consultation.

April 30, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David operator to facilitate an outgoing call to Senator Barry Goldwater. This administrative communication served to establish a line of contact between the President and the Senator during a period of intense political pressure. No further substantive policy matters were discussed during this brief request.

April 30, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon consulted with a Camp David operator to facilitate urgent communications with Press Secretary Ronald Ziegler and personal secretary Rose Mary Woods. The primary objective was to coordinate a response to a telegram sent by Senator Barry Goldwater, who was currently traveling to New Bedford, Massachusetts. Nixon directed the operator to ensure Goldwater’s staff was informed that he had personally returned the Senator’s call.

April 30, 1973 · with Ziegler

President Nixon and Press Secretary Ronald Ziegler discuss the political fallout of the Watergate scandal and the emerging legislative reaction on Capitol Hill. Ziegler reports on positive outreach efforts with Senator James O. Eastland and confirms there have been no new developments regarding John W. Dean III, whom the President dismissively labels as a concern only until his future intentions are clear. The exchange concludes with Nixon requesting verification of the date of his most recent press conference.

April 30, 1973 · with Woods

President Nixon contacted his personal secretary, Rose Mary Woods, to request a specific verification regarding his schedule. He tasked her with researching and confirming the exact date of his previous meeting with Thomas A. Pappas. Woods agreed to locate the information and report back to him via telephone.

April 30, 1973 · with Ziegler

President Nixon and Press Secretary Ronald L. Ziegler held a brief telephone conversation to verify the specific date of the President’s previous press conference. Ziegler confirmed for the President that the event took place on March 15th. This exchange appears to be a routine administrative check to ensure the accuracy of the administration's public records.

April 30, 1973 · with Woods

Rose Mary Woods provides President Nixon with the specific date of a prior meeting he held with Thomas A. Pappas. This brief exchange serves to clarify the President's past scheduling details. No further actions or significant policy discussions occur during the call.

April 30, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon requested that the Camp David operator summon speechwriter and aide Raymond K. Price, Jr. to the study. This brief administrative contact facilitated an immediate meeting between the two men. No substantive policy discussions occurred during this exchange.

April 30, 1973 · with Camp David operator

President Nixon contacted the Camp David switchboard operator to facilitate a telephone connection with Stephen B. Bull. The brief communication served exclusively as a logistical request to initiate a call with a White House staffer. No substantive policy matters or historical developments were addressed during this exchange.

April 30, 1973 · with Bull

President Nixon contacted Stephen B. Bull to coordinate his personal schedule at Camp David. He instructed Bull to arrange a 15-minute haircut with the barber for 7:00 pm. This brief exchange served solely to manage the President's immediate administrative and grooming requirements.

May 1, 1973

President Nixon held a brief, unscheduled meeting with an unidentified individual in his Old Executive Office Building office. The nature and specific content of the discussion remain undocumented due to the poor quality of the recording. Consequently, no policy decisions or action items can be discerned from this exchange.

May 1, 1973

President Nixon rehearsed his televised address to the nation regarding the Watergate scandal, in which he publicly accepted responsibility for the actions of his administration while announcing the resignations of several close associates. During the speech, he emphasized the need to restore public trust, detailed his directive for full cooperation with investigations, and announced the appointment of Elliot Richardson as the new Attorney General with the authority to potentially name a special prosecutor. The practice session allowed the President to refine his message of accountability and his pledge to ensure that justice would be pursued impartially.

May 1, 1973

President Nixon met with an unidentified individual shortly following the President's televised address regarding the Watergate scandal. The discussion focused on evaluating the delivery, pacing, and overall public appearance of the speech. No further policy decisions were recorded during this brief exchange.

May 1, 1973

President Nixon met with an unidentified individual in the Old Executive Office Building to discuss administrative or logistical arrangements. The brief interaction included casual remarks regarding the President's recent haircut and appearance. No significant policy decisions or substantive political matters were recorded during this brief exchange.

May 1, 1973

President Richard M. Nixon utilized this time to rehearse his forthcoming nationally televised address regarding the Watergate scandal. The session served as a final preparation for his public attempt to address the ongoing political crisis and assert his administration's position. No dialogue with other participants was recorded, as the session focused exclusively on the delivery and refinement of his prepared remarks.

907-001Tape 9071 hr 4 min

May 1, 1973

President Richard Nixon met with television production staff in the Oval Office to prepare for his nationally televised address regarding the Watergate investigations. Prior to the broadcast, the President engaged in casual conversation about sports and his personal bowling average before finalizing technical arrangements for the speech. During the address, Nixon formally announced the resignations of senior aides H.R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman, the departure of Attorney General Richard Kleindienst, and the appointment of Elliot Richardson as the new Attorney General with authority to appoint a special prosecutor.

May 1, 1973 · with Keyes, Volpe & Woods

Rose Mary Woods facilitates a telephone conversation between Ambassador John A. Volpe and the White House during a period of significant political instability. Volpe expresses his admiration and support for President Nixon following a televised address, praising the President’s courage and commitment to maintaining the integrity of the office. Volpe also offers to provide specific suggestions regarding White House staff reorganization, which he agrees to transmit via a formal cable marked for the President’s personal attention.

May 1, 1973

President Nixon contacted the White House operator to place an urgent call to H. R. Haldeman. This brief administrative interaction served as a formal request to establish a connection with his Chief of Staff. No further substantive policy matters were discussed during this specific transmission.

May 1, 1973 · with Haldeman

President Nixon and H.R. Haldeman discuss the public reception of the President's televised address regarding the Watergate scandal, which resulted in the departures of Haldeman and John Ehrlichman. Nixon expresses frustration over the perceived lack of loyalty from his Cabinet, noting that only Caspar Weinberger reached out to offer support, while simultaneously reaffirming his deep personal affection for Haldeman. The two men agree to cease further public discussion of the scandal, and Nixon instructs the switchboard to begin accepting incoming calls from staff and officials.

May 1, 1973 · with Graham

President Nixon speaks with the White House operator to rectify confusion regarding current call-screening protocols following restrictive instructions issued by Bruce Kehrli. Nixon clarifies that while routine calls should be routed through Rose Mary Woods, he insists that all calls from Cabinet members be put through to him directly. After settling these administrative procedures, the President approves the connection of an incoming call from Reverend Billy Graham.

May 1, 1973 · with Rogers & Cox

Secretary of State William P. Rogers calls President Nixon to offer praise and support following the President's televised address regarding the Watergate scandal. The two discuss the effective delivery and tone of the speech, as well as the difficult resignations of H.R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman. Additionally, Rogers updates the President on positive feedback from congressional leaders regarding a potential role for David Packard and expresses his commitment to supporting the administration. Tricia Nixon Cox also joins the call to reiterate the family's appreciation for Rogers's loyalty during the crisis.

May 1, 1973 · with Graham

Reverend Billy Graham called President Nixon to offer encouragement and praise following Nixon's televised address regarding the Watergate scandal and the resignations of H.R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman. Graham expressed his belief that the President’s performance was sincere and demonstrated commendable humility, noting that it resonated positively with others, including his father-in-law Dr. L. Nelson Bell. Nixon reflected on the personal difficulty of the recent staff dismissals and discussed the mixed reactions from various television networks while maintaining his resolve.

May 1, 1973 · with Cox & Bull

Following the recent departures of H.R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman, President Nixon spoke with Stephen Bull to reorganize the handling of incoming telephone calls. Nixon issued explicit instructions to route all calls from key administration figures and associates, such as William P. Rogers, Elliot Richardson, and Billy Graham, directly to the Lincoln Sitting Room. He emphasized the necessity of maintaining open lines of communication to preserve morale during a period of transition.

May 1, 1973 · with Cox, Dent & Eisenhower

President Nixon received a call from Secretary of Commerce Frederick B. Dent, who expressed his support and praise for the President's recent televised speech regarding the Watergate scandal. The two discussed the importance of showing strong leadership and maintaining administrative unity during this challenging period. Nixon concluded the brief exchange by confirming the rescheduling of an upcoming Cabinet meeting to Wednesday to accommodate the arrival of West German Chancellor Willy Brandt.

May 1, 1973 · with Cox

Tricia Nixon Cox coordinates with the White House operator to facilitate a return telephone call from President Nixon to Governor Ronald Reagan. The brief exchange serves as a logistical bridge to connect the two political figures following Reagan's earlier attempt to reach the President. This interaction highlights the administrative process involved in managing the President’s high-level communications during a period of significant political pressure.

May 1, 1973 · with Cox & Reagan

Governor Ronald Reagan placed a courtesy call to President Richard Nixon to offer personal support and prayers following the President’s televised address regarding the Watergate scandal. The conversation focused on the resignations of H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman, with Reagan affirming his continued loyalty to the administration. Nixon expressed appreciation for the gesture while emphasizing the necessity of their shared commitment to global peace amidst the ongoing political crisis.

May 1, 1973 · with Shultz

Secretary of the Treasury George Shultz called President Nixon to express personal support following the high-profile resignations of H.R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman amid the Watergate scandal. Shultz commended the President’s recent televised address and reaffirmed his commitment to the administration's continued governance. Nixon discussed his upcoming schedule, specifically confirming his intent to attend an upcoming Labor Management Advisory Board meeting and a Cabinet meeting to project stability and resolve.

May 1, 1973 · with Cox

President Nixon and his daughter, Tricia Nixon Cox, connected via telephone to facilitate a conversation with Tricia's husband, Edward Cox. During the call, it was noted that the President had been receiving numerous communications from high-profile figures, including Cabinet members, Billy Graham, and Governor Ronald Reagan, in the wake of his televised address regarding the Watergate scandal. The interaction served primarily to coordinate family communication during a period of intense political pressure.

May 1, 1973 · with Nixon, Eisenhower & Cox

Tricia Nixon Cox initiated a telephone call to Press Secretary Ronald Ziegler to gauge the media's reception following a nationally televised address by President Nixon regarding the Watergate scandal. Ziegler reported that the press responded favorably, particularly noting that the President’s decision to visit the press room personally bolstered his standing. He expressed optimism that the administration could now move past the errors of subordinates and focus on the President’s future leadership objectives.

May 1, 1973 · with Cox & Lewis

President Nixon received a call from Hobart D. Lewis shortly after delivering a televised address regarding the Watergate scandal. The two men discussed the resignation of H.R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman, with Lewis offering strong praise for the President's tone and sincerity in handling the difficult situation. Nixon characterized the original Watergate break-in as an ineffective and amateurish operation, and the pair concluded by affirming the need to move forward beyond the scandal.

May 1, 1973 · with Eisenhower & Haig

Following his nationally televised address regarding the Watergate scandal, President Nixon received a supportive call from Alexander M. Haig, Jr. Haig expressed personal pride in the President’s handling of the crisis and his efforts to clear the air despite the difficult circumstances. The two also briefly discussed Henry Kissinger, with Haig noting Kissinger's guarded reaction to the speech and reaffirming their mutual reliance on his capabilities.

May 1, 1973 · with Lynn

Secretary James T. Lynn called President Nixon to offer personal support following the President's televised address regarding the Watergate scandal. Lynn emphasized his loyalty and commended Nixon for accepting personal responsibility for the situation. Nixon dismissed concerns about his morale, assuring Lynn that he remained resilient and focused despite the gravity of the political crisis.

May 1, 1973 · with Cox, Eisenhower & Woods

Tricia Nixon Cox and Rose Mary Woods discuss the incoming public and political reaction to President Nixon’s recent Watergate-related speech. The conversation focuses on logging telephone calls from key figures such as Nelson Rockefeller, Ronald Reagan, and Winton Blount to gauge national support. Woods reports that despite logistical challenges in tracking communications, early indicators from loyalists like Charles Colson suggest the President maintains strong support from his core base.

May 1, 1973 · with Cox & Armstrong

President Nixon spoke with Counselor to the President Anne Armstrong shortly after his televised address regarding the Watergate scandal. Armstrong expressed strong support for the President's speech and pledged her continued loyalty and assistance in maintaining administration morale. Nixon confirmed plans to hold a Cabinet meeting on the following Wednesday to rally his staff and requested that Armstrong serve as a cheerleader for the troops.

May 1, 1973 · with Cox & Bush

George H. W. Bush called President Nixon to express support following the President's televised address regarding the Watergate scandal, specifically acknowledging the difficulty of the President's decision to part with aides H.R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman. Bush conveyed optimism about the speech's reception among the public despite criticism from media commentators, citing his recent travels as evidence of grassroots political backing. Nixon reaffirmed his perseverance and pledged a close working relationship with Bush as his administration navigated the ongoing crisis.

May 1, 1973

President Nixon instructed the White House operator to place an outgoing telephone call to Charles W. Colson. The exchange served strictly as a logistical request for the operator to facilitate communication between the President and his former special counsel. No further substantive discussion took place during this brief connection.

May 1, 1973 · with Colson

President Nixon and Charles W. Colson discussed the public reception of the President's televised Watergate address, specifically focusing on the sincerity of his performance and positive feedback from supporters. Colson reported on favorable reactions from the public and the media, while the two men affirmed their commitment to defending the actions of the White House 'Plumbers' unit. They framed the unit's activities as justified national security operations and agreed on the necessity of maintaining that stance during ongoing investigations.

May 1, 1973

President Nixon contacted the White House operator to place an outgoing telephone call. The sole purpose of the interaction was to request a connection to Press Secretary Ronald L. Ziegler. No other substantive policy discussions or administrative developments occurred during this brief exchange.

May 1, 1973

President Nixon instructed the White House operator to have Press Secretary Ronald Ziegler contact him immediately upon arriving home. The exchange reflects an urgent late-night effort to reach Ziegler following the high-stakes political developments of the day. This directive underscores the President's immediate need for consultation with his primary spokesperson during a period of intense administration crisis.

May 1, 1973 · with Cox & Bull

President Nixon instructed Stephen B. Bull to continue patching through incoming telephone calls for the next half hour following his televised speech regarding the Watergate scandal. The President specifically requested that calls from Paul W. Keyes, Rose Mary Woods, and Charles G. “Bebe” Rebozo be prioritized. This exchange reflects the President's desire to gauge public and personal reaction immediately following his major address.

May 1, 1973 · with Cox & Hughes

President Nixon received a supportive telephone call from Major General James D. Hughes following the President's televised address regarding the Watergate scandal. Joined briefly by Tricia Nixon Cox during the call, Nixon expressed personal gratitude for Hughes's loyalty and his positive feedback on the speech. The exchange served primarily as a morale-boosting communication between the President and a military aide during a period of significant political instability.

May 1, 1973 · with Cox, Abplanalp & Rebozo

President Nixon received congratulatory telephone calls from close associates Robert Abplanalp and Bebe Rebozo following his televised address regarding the Watergate scandal. The participants discussed the positive public reaction to the speech, noting that supporters found the President’s performance “magnificent” and moving. Rebozo also mentioned his upcoming travel plans to Florida and affirmed his continued personal loyalty to Nixon during the crisis.

May 1, 1973

President Nixon contacted the White House operator to facilitate an immediate connection with H. R. Haldeman. This brief administrative exchange served as the logistical precursor to a direct conversation between the President and his chief of staff. No substantive policy matters were discussed during this request for telephonic assistance.

May 1, 1973 · with Haldeman

President Nixon and H.R. Haldeman discuss the immediate public and political reception to Nixon's televised address regarding the Watergate scandal. They review feedback from congressional members, Democratic governors, the press, and Henry Kissinger, noting that while media criticism persists, the speech was well-received by lawmakers and potentially the general public. The conversation concludes with a brief reflection on Nixon's impromptu visit to the press room, which was viewed as a positive move by CBS.

May 1, 1973 · with Yates & Bull

President Nixon met with Stephen B. Bull and staff members, including Nellie L. Yates, to coordinate his daily schedule and manage administrative logistics. The conversation focused on upcoming cabinet meetings, the scheduling of various briefings, and the handling of departmental correspondence and materials. Throughout the meeting, the President attended to routine office matters, including securing specific writing supplies and briefly discussing personal grooming and appearances with staff.

May 1, 1973 · with Bull

President Nixon met with Stephen B. Bull to review his upcoming schedule, specifically regarding meeting times with staff and planned travel to Florida. They coordinated logistics for the Labor-Management Advisory Committee meeting and finalized the timing for a Cabinet session. Nixon directed adjustments to his departure plans, prioritizing an abbreviated staff briefing before his trip.

May 1, 1973 · with Timmons & Baroody

President Nixon met with William E. Timmons and William J. Baroody, Jr. to discuss the administration's political strategy and public messaging following his April 30 speech regarding the Watergate scandal. The President emphasized the need for his staff to maintain an upbeat, aggressive demeanor while navigating congressional inquiries and the potential appointment of a special prosecutor by Elliot Richardson. Nixon specifically directed the team to monitor staff members like W. Richard Howard to ensure they remained focused and avoided legal exposure as the administration braced for continued political pressure.

May 1, 1973 · with Bull

President Nixon met with Stephen B. Bull to discuss the reorganization of White House staff and communication protocols following the recent departures of H. R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman. Nixon established clear administrative boundaries, delegating domestic policy coordination to Kenneth R. Cole, Jr. and directing Bull and Rose Mary Woods to manage scheduling for personal friends and VIP contacts. The conversation also touched upon the necessity of monitoring public and VIP reaction to the President's recent Watergate speech.

May 1, 1973 · with Cole

President Nixon met with Kenneth R. Cole, Jr. to discuss the restructuring of domestic policy operations following the departure of John D. Ehrlichman. Nixon instructed Cole to streamline the administrative process by requiring staff to formalize recommendations into position papers before seeking presidential review. The two also discussed the political aftermath of the Watergate scandal, with Cole commending Nixon's April 30th address as a necessary step toward refocusing the administration on national governance.