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Ziegler, Ronald L.

Ronald L. Ziegler served as White House Press Secretary from January 1969 to August 1974, acting as President Nixon's primary spokesperson throughout the taping period of February 1971 to July 1973. As the Watergate scandal escalated, Ziegler famously managed the administration's shifting public narratives and faced intense scrutiny from the press corps. In June 1973, his duties expanded when he was additionally named Assistant to the President following the resignation of Herbert Klein, holding both titles concurrently until the end of the administration in August 1974.

White House Press Secretary (January 1969 – August 1974)
Assistant to the President (June 1973 – August 1974)

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Ziegler, Ronald L.
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February 16, 1971

On February 16, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Vice President Spiro T. Agnew, and members of the Cabinet, including William P. Rogers, John B. Connally, Melvin R. Laird, John N. Mitchell, Winton M. ("Red") Blount, Jr., Rogers C. B. Morton, Clifford M. Hardin, Maurice H. Stans, James D. Hodgson, Elliot L. Richardson, George W. Romney, John A. Volpe, George P. Shultz, Robert H. Finch, and staffers H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, John D. Ehrlichman, Henry A. Kissinger, Clark MacGregor, William E. Timmons, Peter M. Flanigan, Herbert G. Klein, Raymond K. Price, Jr., Alexander P. Butterfield, Ronald L. Ziegler, William L. Safire, Dr. Edward E. David, Jr., Robert J. Brown, Paul W. McCracken, Arnold R. Weber, Caspar W. ("Cap") Weinberger, Arthur J. Sohmer, Robert E. Patricelli, Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., John R. Price, Jr., and Gary Cook, met in the Cabinet Room of the White House at an unknown time between 8:04 am and 11:59 pm. The Cabinet Room taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 047-001 of the White House Tapes.

February 17, 1971

On February 17, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House at an unknown time between 12:00 am and 4:04 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 450-019 of the White House Tapes.

February 17, 1971

On February 17, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 5:25 pm to 5:26 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 450-022 of the White House Tapes.

February 17, 1971

On February 17, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 6:20 pm to 6:32 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 450-025 of the White House Tapes.

February 18, 1971

On February 18, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Henry A. Kissinger, William L. Safire, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 9:56 am to 10:09 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 451-004 of the White House Tapes.

February 18, 1971

On February 18, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Alexander P. Butterfield, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 6:40 pm to 7:27 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 451-024 of the White House Tapes.

February 19, 1971

On February 19, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, and Stephen B. Bull met in the Oval Office of the White House from 9:30 am to 10:06 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 452-003 of the White House Tapes.

February 19, 1971

On February 19, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Alexander P. Butterfield, Manolo Sanchez, Ronald L. Ziegler, White House operator, Rose Mary Woods, and John D. Ehrlichman met in the Oval Office of the White House at an unknown time between 4:11 pm and 4:59 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 454-001 of the White House Tapes.

February 19, 1971

On February 19, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, George P. Shultz, Paul W. McCracken, Arthur F. Burns, John B. Connally, Ronald L. Ziegler, Rose Mary Woods, the White House photographer, and members of the press met in the Oval Office of the White House from 5:08 pm to 6:34 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 454-004 of the White House Tapes.

February 22, 1971

On February 22, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, John D. Ehrlichman, Ronald L. Ziegler, James D. Hodgson, George P. Shultz, White House photographer, unknown person(s), and Charles W. Colson met in the Oval Office of the White House from 10:39 am to 11:58 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 455-003 of the White House Tapes.

February 22, 1971

On February 22, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 3:02 pm to 3:09 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 455-021 of the White House Tapes.

February 23, 1971

On February 23, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 9:42 am to 9:44 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 456-002 of the White House Tapes.

February 23, 1971

On February 23, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Alexander P. Butterfield, unknown person(s), John D. Ehrlichman, Ronald L. Ziegler, Henry A. Kissinger, Manolo Sanchez, and the White House operator met in the Oval Office of the White House from 10:05 am to 11:30 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 456-005 of the White House Tapes.

February 23, 1971

On February 23, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, John R. ("Jack") Williams, Jr., John D. Ehrlichman, Lee W. Huebner, White House photographer, Ronald L. Ziegler, and Stephen B. Bull met in the Oval Office of the White House from 11:49 am to 12:02 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 456-009 of the White House Tapes.

February 23, 1971

On February 23, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, John B. Waters, Jr., Patsy (Temple) Waters, Cynthia Waters, John B. Waters, III, John D. Ehrlichman, Ronald L. Ziegler, Lee W. Huebner, and White House photographer met in the Oval Office of the White House from 12:02 pm to 12:06 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 456-010 of the White House Tapes.

February 23, 1971

On February 23, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 4:08 pm to 4:09 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 456-021 of the White House Tapes.

February 24, 1971

On February 24, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Henry A. Kissinger, Ronald L. Ziegler, Virginia H. Knauer, Lewis A. Engman, Elizabeth Hanford, White House photographer, and Alexander P. Butterfield met in the Oval Office of the White House from 10:19 am to 11:35 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 457-001 of the White House Tapes.

February 26, 1971

On February 26, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Ronald L. Ziegler, and Stephen B. Bull met in the Oval Office of the White House from 10:29 am to 10:36 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 460-002 of the White House Tapes.

February 26, 1971

On February 26, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Ronald L. Ziegler, and Stephen B. Bull met in the Oval Office of the White House from 1:18 pm to 1:23 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 460-016 of the White House Tapes.

February 27, 1971

On February 27, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Stephen B. Bull, Alexander P. Butterfield, Leonard Garment, Robert H. Finch, Manolo Sanchez, Ronald L. Ziegler, unknown person(s), and James D. ("Don") Hughes met in the Oval Office of the White House from 11:58 am to 2:58 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 459-004 of the White House Tapes.

March 2, 1971

On March 2, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, John N. Mitchell, White House operator, and Carl B. Albert met in the Oval Office of the White House from 10:26 am to 11:00 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 461-002 of the White House Tapes.

March 2, 1971

On March 2, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Ronald L. Ziegler, Peter Heltemes, Jack Heltemes, Mrs. Jack Heltemes, Jack Heltemes, Jr., Holly Heltemes, Robert J. Dole, Robert Young, Mrs. Robert Young, David N. Parker, and George Bill met in the Oval Office of the White House at an unknown time between 12:53 pm and 1:07 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 461-012 of the White House Tapes.

March 5, 1971

On March 5, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Henry A. Kissinger, unknown person(s), White House operator, Alexander P. Butterfield, Alexander M. Haig, Jr., Ronald L. Ziegler, William P. Rogers, Melvin R. Laird, Adm. Thomas H. Moorer, and Richard M. Helms met in the Oval Office of the White House from 8:30 am to 10:15 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 462-005 of the White House Tapes.

March 5, 1971

On March 5, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Manolo Sanchez, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 10:49 am to 11:06 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 462-012 of the White House Tapes.

March 5, 1971

On March 5, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, John B. Connally, Arthur F. Burns, George P. Shultz, Paul W. McCracken, Rose Mary Woods, Ronald L. Ziegler, and Alexander P. Butterfield met in the Oval Office of the White House from 11:06 am to 1:05 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 462-013 of the White House Tapes.

March 9, 1971

On March 9, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Republican Congressional Leaders, including Clifford M. Hardin, Adm. Thomas H. Moorer, Hugh Scott, Robert P. Griffin, Margaret Chase Smith, Norris Cotton, Gordon L. Allott, Peter H. Dominick, Gerald R. Ford, Leslie C. Arends, John B. Anderson, Robert T. Stafford, Richard H. Poff, John J. Rhodes, Barber B. Conable, Jr., Robert C. ("Bob") Wilson, H. Allen Smith, Robert J. Dole, George P. Shultz, John D. Ehrlichman, Clark MacGregor, William E. Timmons, Herbert G. Klein, Kenneth E. BeLieu, Patrick J. Buchanan, Harry S. Dent, Ronald L. Ziegler, Bryce N. Harlow, John R. Price, Jr., and Edwin L. Harper, met in the Cabinet Room of the White House from 8:05 am to 9:43 am. The Cabinet Room taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 050-001 of the White House Tapes.

March 9, 1971

On March 9, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Stephen B. Bull, Rose Mary Woods, Ronald L. Ziegler, unknown person(s), White House operator, and William T. Kendall met in the Oval Office of the White House from 12:26 pm to 1:30 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 464-012 of the White House Tapes.

March 9, 1971

On March 9, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, William S. Paley, Frank Stanton, John A. Schneider, Richard W. Jencks, Robert D. Wood, Richard S. Salant, Herbert G. Klein, Charles W. Colson, Ronald L. Ziegler, White House photographer, and Stephen B. Bull met in the Oval Office of the White House from 4:05 pm to 5:34 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 464-024 of the White House Tapes.

March 10, 1971

On March 10, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Raymond K. Price, Jr., Noel C. Koch, Alexander P. Butterfield, Henry A. Kissinger, Stephen B. Bull, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 10:42 am to 1:15 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 465-008 of the White House Tapes.

March 10, 1971

On March 10, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 1:37 pm to 1:40 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 465-011 of the White House Tapes.

March 11, 1971

On March 11, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, unknown person(s), John W. Byrnes, John D. Ehrlichman, Clark MacGregor, Peter M. Flanigan, Bryce N. Harlow, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 11:12 am to 11:42 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 466-004 of the White House Tapes.

March 11, 1971

On March 11, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Henry A. Kissinger, Manolo Sanchez, Ronald L. Ziegler, Stephen B. Bull, John W. Byrnes, and White House photographer met in the Oval Office of the White House from 4:00 pm to 4:55 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 466-012 of the White House Tapes.

March 11, 1971

On March 11, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Ronald L. Ziegler, Manolo Sanchez, and unknown person(s) met in the Oval Office of the White House at an unknown time between 4:55 pm and 5:18 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 466-013 of the White House Tapes.

March 11, 1971

On March 11, 1971, Stephen B. Bull and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House at an unknown time between 4:55 pm and 5:18 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 466-014 of the White House Tapes.

March 11, 1971

On March 11, 1971, Ronald L. Ziegler, Frances Lewine, Helen A. Thomas, Sarah Booth Conroy, Betty Beale, Wauhillau LaHay, Claire Crawford, Louise Hutchinson, Marya McLaughlin, Fay G. Wells, Manolo Sanchez, White House photographer, Stephen B. Bull, and unknown person(s) met in the Oval Office of the White House from 5:18 pm to 6:17 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 466-015 of the White House Tapes.

March 11, 1971

On March 11, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 6:20 pm to 6:25 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 466-017 of the White House Tapes.

March 11, 1971

On March 11, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, John B. Connally, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, White House operator, unknown person(s), Thelma C. ("Pat") (Ryan) Nixon, Manolo Sanchez, Peter M. Flanigan, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House at an unknown time between 6:48 pm and 7:17 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 466-025 of the White House Tapes.

March 12, 1971

On March 12, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 8:19 am to 8:20 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 467-004 of the White House Tapes.

March 12, 1971

On March 12, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 8:48 am to 8:51 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 467-010 of the White House Tapes.

March 16, 1971

On March 16, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, Alexander P. Butterfield, Thelma C. ("Pat") (Ryan) Nixon, and unknown person(s) met in the Oval Office of the White House from 10:02 am to 10:31 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 468-007 of the White House Tapes.

March 16, 1971

On March 16, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, John M. ("Jack") Lynch, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 11:00 am to 12:20 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 468-009 of the White House Tapes.

March 16, 1971

On March 16, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Alexander P. Butterfield, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 5:47 pm to 6:22 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 468-019 of the White House Tapes.

March 17, 1971

On March 17, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, unknown person(s), Ronald L. Ziegler, Rose Mary Woods, John D. Ehrlichman, White House operator, Dwight L. Chapin, and William P. Rogers met in the Oval Office of the White House at an unknown time between 3:58 pm and 5:52 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 467-041 of the White House Tapes.

March 17, 1971

On March 17, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, White House operator, unknown person(s), and Charles W. Colson met in the Oval Office of the White House at an unknown time between 5:24 pm and 6:07 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 467-042 of the White House Tapes.

March 23, 1971

On March 23, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Vice President Spiro T. Agnew, and Republican Congressional leaders, including John A. Volpe, John B. Connally, Hugh Scott, Robert P. Griffin, Margaret Chase Smith, Norris Cotton, Gordon L. Allott, Peter H. Dominick, Gerald R. Ford, Leslie C. Arends, John B. Anderson, Robert T. Stafford, Richard H. Poff, John J. Rhodes, Barber B. Conable, Jr., Robert C. ("Bob") Wilson, H. Allen Smith, Robert J. Dole, George P. Shultz, Arnold R. Weber, John D. Ehrlichman, Clark MacGregor, William E. Timmons, Kenneth E. BeLieu, Herbert G. Klein, Patrick J. Buchanan, Harry S. Dent, Ronald L. Ziegler, Andy Rouse, and Bryce N. Harlow, met in the Cabinet Room of the White House from 8:03 am to 9:55 am. The Cabinet Room taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 050-009 of the White House Tapes.

March 23, 1971

On March 23, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Hugh Scott, Gerald R. Ford, Ronald L. Ziegler, and Clark MacGregor met in the Oval Office of the White House from 9:56 am to 10:15 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 472-003 of the White House Tapes.

March 23, 1971

On March 23, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Ronald L. Ziegler, James L. Buckley, and William E. Timmons met in the Oval Office of the White House from 4:46 pm to 5:04 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 472-020 of the White House Tapes.

March 25, 1971

On March 25, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Ronald L. Ziegler, Robert H. Finch, Clark MacGregor, White House operator, Stephen B. Bull, and William M. Allen met in the Oval Office of the White House at an unknown time between 4:23 pm and 4:56 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 473-015 of the White House Tapes.

March 26, 1971

On March 26, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and members of the Cabinet, including William P. Rogers, John B. Connally, Melvin R. Laird, John N. Mitchell, James W. Hargrove, Rogers C. B. Morton, Clifford M. Hardin, Maurice H. Stans, James D. Hodgson, John G. Veneman, George W. Romney, John A. Volpe, David M. Kennedy, George P. Shultz, Robert H. Finch, Donald H. Rumsfeld, George H. W. Bush, John D. Erhlichman, Henry A. Kissinger, Clark MacGregor, Peter G. Peterson, Herbert G. Klein, Ronald L. Ziegler, Alexander P. Butterfield, Raymond K. Price, Dr. Edward E. David, Jr., William L. Safire, Paul W. McCracken, Herbert Stein, Robert J. Dole, and [First name unknown] Brown, met in the Cabinet Room of the White House at an unknown time between 10:02 am and 11:12 am. The Cabinet Room taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 051-013 of the White House Tapes.

April 7, 1971

On April 7, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Ken Wood, unknown person(s), Rose Mary Woods, John D. Ehrlichman, Ronald L. Ziegler, Stephen B. Bull, George P. Shultz, and Henry A. Kissinger met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 10:55 am to 12:15 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 246-005 of the White House Tapes.

April 7, 1971

On April 7, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Melvin R. Laird, William P. Rogers, Henry A. Kissinger, Ronald L. Ziegler, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, White House operator, and James D. ("Don") Hughes met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 12:16 pm to 2:00 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 246-007 of the White House Tapes.

April 7, 1971

On April 7, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 2:07 pm to 2:11 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 246-011 of the White House Tapes.

April 7, 1971

On April 7, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 2:11 pm and 3:10 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 246-013 of the White House Tapes.

April 7, 1971

On April 7, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 5:50 pm to 5:55 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 246-031 of the White House Tapes.

April 7, 1971

On April 7, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Ronald L. Ziegler, and Mark I. Goode met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 6:01 pm to 6:10 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 246-033 of the White House Tapes.

April 8, 1971

On April 7, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Hugh Scott, Robert C. Byrd, Robert P. Griffin, Gerald R. Ford, Carl B. Albert, William E. Timmons, Clark MacGregor, Ronald L. Ziegler, J. Bruce Whelihan, and Henry A. Kissinger met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 7:09 pm to 7:59 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 246-037 of the White House Tapes.

April 8, 1971

On April 7, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Ronald L. Ziegler, Thelma C. ("Pat") (Ryan) Nixon, and Julie Nixon Eisenhower talked on the telephone from 10:49 pm to 10:50 pm. The White House Telephone taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 001-032 of the White House Tapes.

April 8, 1971

On April 8, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Ronald L. Ziegler, Bryan Lewis, Jenifer Pine, James Little, Erich Hoffman, Harman Carswell, Susan Horsley, Carol Eags, Amy Gellis, White House photographer, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Stephen B. Bull, Gordon C. Strachan, Jack Dempsey, and Mrs. Jack Dempsey met in the Oval Office of the White House from 1:12 pm to 2:00 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 475-021 of the White House Tapes.

April 9, 1971

On April 9, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 8:52 am to 9:58 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 476-007 of the White House Tapes.

April 9, 1971

On April 9, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Paul W. McCracken, White House operator, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 10:33 am to 11:05 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 476-011 of the White House Tapes.

April 9, 1971

On April 9, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler talked on the telephone from 11:01 am to 11:02 am. The White House Telephone taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 001-059 of the White House Tapes.

April 9, 1971

On April 9, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Stephen B. Bull, Thomas F. Murphy, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 3:16 pm to 3:33 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 476-026 of the White House Tapes.

April 12, 1971

On April 12, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, William P. Rogers, Steven Baker, White House operator, Tricia Nixon Cox, Ronald L. Ziegler, Manolo Sanchez, and Fredrick C. LaRue met in the Oval Office of the White House at an unknown time between 5:23 pm and 6:20 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 477-014 of the White House Tapes.

April 12, 1971

On April 12, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler talked on the telephone at 5:35 pm. The White House Telephone taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 001-067 of the White House Tapes.

April 13, 1971

On April 13, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Vice President Spiro T. Agnew, and members of the Cabinet, including John N. Irwin, II, Paul A. Volcker, Melvin R. Laird, Richard G. Kleindeinst, Winton M. ("Red") Blount, Hollis M. Dole, Clifford M. Hardin, Maurice H. Stans, James D. Hodgson, John G. Veneman, George W. Romney, John A. Volpe, David M. Kennedy, George P. Shultz, Robert H. Finch, Donald H. Rumsfeld, George H. W. Bush, John D. Ehrlichman, Clark MacGregor, Ronald L. Ziegler, Raymond K. Price, Jr., Dr. Edward E. David, Jr., Peter M. Flanigan, John C. Whitaker, William E. Kriegsman, Arthur J. Sohmer, Robert J. Brown, Paul W. McCracken, Gen. George A. Lincoln, S. David Freeman, Milton Shaw, Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg, Caspar W. ("Cap") Weinberger, Chet Holifield, John O. Pastore, Howard H. Baker, Jr., and John B. Anderson, met in the Cabinet Room of the White House from 8:04 am to 9:07 am. The Cabinet Room taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 053-001 of the White House Tapes.

April 13, 1971

On April 13, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, White House operator, Gen. George A. Lincoln, Henry A. Kissinger, Peter G. Peterson, Ronald L. Ziegler, Emily (Sears) Lodge, Paul W. McCracken, Stephen B. Bull, and White House photographer met in the Oval Office of the White House from 9:30 am to 11:13 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 478-002 of the White House Tapes.

April 13, 1971

On April 13, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, and unknown person(s) met in the Oval Office of the White House from 12:41 pm to 1:23 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 478-011 of the White House Tapes.

April 14, 1971

On April 14, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Henry A. Kissinger, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House at an unknown time between 12:40 pm and 2:11 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 479-007 of the White House Tapes.

April 14, 1971

On April 14, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler talked on the telephone from 3:05 pm to 3:07 pm. The White House Telephone taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 042-037 of the White House Tapes.

April 14, 1971

On April 14, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 3:05 pm to 3:07 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 248-009 of the White House Tapes.

April 14, 1971

On April 14, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 3:07 pm and 4:20 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 248-010 of the White House Tapes.

April 14, 1971

On April 14, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Henry A. Kissinger, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 4:20 pm to 5:10 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 248-016 of the White House Tapes.

April 14, 1971

On April 14, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler talked on the telephone from 4:33 pm to 4:36 pm. The White House Telephone taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 042-038 of the White House Tapes.

April 15, 1971

On April 15, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Stephen B. Bull, Ronald L. Ziegler, John P. ("Jack") Sutherland, and John D. Ehrlichman met in the Oval Office of the White House at an unknown time between 12:41 pm and 1:18 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 480-010 of the White House Tapes.

April 15, 1971

On April 15, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building at an unknown time between 3:48 pm and 4:05 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 249-014 of the White House Tapes.

April 16, 1971

On April 16, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 3:15 pm to 3:27 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 250-016 of the White House Tapes.

April 17, 1971

On April 16, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, White House operator, and Ronald L. Ziegler talked on the telephone from 11:28 pm to 11:31 pm. The White House Telephone taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 001-120 of the White House Tapes.

April 17, 1971

On April 17, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Stephen B. Bull, White House operator, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, William M. Lukash, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 11:24 am to 11:49 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 481-006 of the White House Tapes.

April 20, 1971

On April 20, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Vice President Spiro T. Agnew, and Republican Congressional leaders, including Hugh Scott, Robert P. Griffin, Margaret Chase Smith, Norris Cotton, Gordon L. Allott, Peter H. Dominick, Gerald R. Ford, Leslie C. Arends, Barber B. Conable, Jr., Richard H. Poff, Robert C. ("Bob") Wilson, Robert T. Stafford, Robert J. Dole, George P. Shultz, Peter G. Peterson, Peter M. Flanigan, Dr. James R. Schlesinger, Clark MacGregor, William E. Timmons, Kenneth E. BeLieu, Patrick J. Buchanan, Ernest Stern, C. Fred Bergsten, Jonathan C. Rose, Bryce N. Harlow, Herbert G. Klein, Ronald L. Ziegler, White House photographer, and members of the press, met in the Cabinet Room of the White House at an unknown time between 8:06 am and 9:44 am. The Cabinet Room taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 054-003 of the White House Tapes.

April 20, 1971

On April 20, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Henry A. Kissinger, Stephen B. Bull, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 9:46 am to 11:15 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 483-004 of the White House Tapes.

April 20, 1971

On April 20, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the President's office in the Old Executive Office Building from 2:55 pm to 3:00 pm. The Old Executive Office Building taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 251-009 of the White House Tapes.

April 20, 1971

On April 20, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Rose Mary Woods, Ronald L. Ziegler, Fred Maroon, Manolo Sanchez, unknown person(s), and H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman met in the Oval Office of the White House from 4:10 pm to 4:19 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 483-018 of the White House Tapes.

April 20, 1971

On April 20, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, John N. Mitchell, John W. Dean, III, White House photographer, Ronald L. Ziegler, unknown person(s), White House operator, and Sue Morrison met in the Oval Office of the White House from 4:20 pm to 5:14 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 483-019 of the White House Tapes.

April 21, 1971

On April 21, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, unknown person(s), Ronald L. Ziegler, and Stephen B. Bull met in the Oval Office of the White House from 11:18 am to 11:34 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 484-004 of the White House Tapes.

April 21, 1971

On April 21, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Henry A. Kissinger, Ronald L. Ziegler, Graham B. Steenhoven, John A. Scali, White House photographer, and unknown person(s) met in the Oval Office of the White House from 11:35 am to 12:27 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 484-005 of the White House Tapes.

April 21, 1971

On April 21, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Richard A. Moore, Antonina Uccello, Mary Lou Grier, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 12:35 pm to 12:46 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 484-010 of the White House Tapes.

April 21, 1971

On April 21, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, John N. Mitchell, Ronald L. Ziegler, Manolo Sanchez, White House operator, William B. Saxbe, and unknown person(s) met in the Oval Office of the White House from 4:18 pm to 6:13 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 485-004 of the White House Tapes.

April 22, 1971

On April 22, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Gerald R. Ford, John W. Byrnes, Elliot L. Richardson, Clark MacGregor, Kenneth R. Cole, Jr., John R. Price, Jr., Stephen B. Bull, Manolo Sanchez, John B. Connally, Ronald L. Ziegler, Fred Maroon, and Stan Wayman met in the Oval Office of the White House from 10:41 am to 12:01 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 486-002 of the White House Tapes.

April 22, 1971

On April 22, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Stephen B. Bull, Ronald L. Ziegler, William P. Rogers, Fred Maroon, and Stan Wayman met in the Oval Office of the White House from 2:40 pm to 3:35 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 486-005 of the White House Tapes.

April 23, 1971

On April 23, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Henry A. Kissinger, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 11:56 am to 12:19 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 487-007 of the White House Tapes.

April 23, 1971

On April 23, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, John D. Ehrlichman, unknown person(s), Stephen B. Bull, John A. Volpe, Manolo Sanchez, White House photographer, George W. Romney, Ronald L. Ziegler, and Henry A. Kissinger met in the Oval Office of the White House from 3:36 pm to 4:56 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 487-022 of the White House Tapes.

April 26, 1971

On April 26, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, and Ronald L. Ziegler met in the Oval Office of the White House from 9:00 am to 10:04 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 488-006 of the White House Tapes.

April 26, 1971

On April 26, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, Stephen B. Bull, John D. Ehrlichman, George P. Shultz, and Henry A. Kissinger met in the Oval Office of the White House from 2:57 pm to 4:12 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 489-017 of the White House Tapes.

April 27, 1971

On April 27, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Vice President Spiro T. Agnew, and members of the Cabinet, including John N. Irwin, II, John B. Connally, Melvin R. Laird, John N. Mitchell, Winton M. ("Red") Blount, Jr., Rogers C. B. Morton, Clifford M. Hardin, James T. Lynn, James D. Hodgson, Elliot L. Richardson, George W. Romney, John A. Volpe, George P. Shultz, George H. W. Bush, John D. Ehrlichman, Clark MacGregor, Dr. Edward E. David, Jr., Raymond K. Price, Jr., Ronald L. Ziegler, Alexander P. Butterfield, Robert J. Brown, Robert J. Dole, Arthur J. Sohmer, Donald E. Johnson, and Malcolm R. Lovell, Jr., met in the Cabinet Room of the White House from 8:04 am to 9:43 am. The Cabinet Room taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 055-003 of the White House Tapes.

April 27, 1971

On April 27, 1971, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, James C. Fletcher, James A. Belson, Fay Fletcher, Ginger Fletcher, Mary Susan Fletcher, James S. Fletcher, Wallace F. Bennett, Clinton P. Anderson, Carl T. Curtis, George P. Miller, Olin E. Teague, James J. Fulton, George M. Low, Richard C. McCurdy, Helen D. Bentlye, Dr. Edward E. David, Jr., Clay T. ("Tom") Whitehead, William E. Kriegsman, Ronald L. Ziegler, and Thomas O. Paine met in the Oval Office of the White House at an unknown time between 10:05 am and 10:16 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 488-012 of the White House Tapes.

April 27, 1971

On April 27, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Henry A. Kissinger, Manolo Sanchez, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, Ronald L. Ziegler, John D. Ehrlichman, Stephen B. Bull, unknown person(s), Henry Ford, II, and Lide A. Iacocca met in the Oval Office of the White House from 10:19 am to 11:43 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 488-015 of the White House Tapes.

April 28, 1971

On April 28, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Melvin R. Laird, James E. Johnson, James D. ("Don") Hughes, John H. Chafee, Frederic V. Malek, Ronald L. Ziegler, and unknown person(s) met in the Oval Office of the White House from 11:42 am to 11:59 am. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 491-003 of the White House Tapes.

April 28, 1971

On April 28, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Ronald L. Ziegler, Tricia Nixon Cox, and Howell Conant met in the Oval Office of the White House from 12:00 pm to 12:16 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 491-005 of the White House Tapes.

April 28, 1971

On April 28, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Ronald L. Ziegler, H. R. ("Bob") Haldeman, and Manolo Sanchez met in the Oval Office of the White House from 1:07 pm to 1:56 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 491-011 of the White House Tapes.

April 29, 1971

On April 29, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon, Valerija B. Raulinaitis, Robert E. Hampton, Barbara H. Franklin, Vickie L. Keller, Jayne B. Spain, Sallyanne Payton, Frederic V. Malek, Stephen B. Bull, White House photographer, Ronald L. Ziegler, Tricia Nixon Cox, and unknown person(s) met in the Oval Office of the White House from 12:04 pm to 12:42 pm. The Oval Office taping system captured this recording, which is known as Conversation 490-002 of the White House Tapes.